【设计模式系列学习笔记】1、简单工厂模式

如果说数学是思维的体操，那设计模式就是面向对象编程思维的体操；

简易计算器类结构图：

操作类，定义两个操作数，并声明抽象方法getResult()，具体实现由子类完成；

public abstract class Operation {

    private double numberA;

    private double numberB;

    public abstract double getResult() throws Exception;

}

加法操作类，实现抽象方法； 

public class OperationAdd extends Operation {

    @Override
    public double getResult() {
        return getNumberA() + getNumberB();
    }

}

public class OperationDiv extends Operation {
    @Override
    public double getResult() throws Exception {
        if(getNumberB() == 0) {
            throw new Exception("被除数不能为0！");
        }
        return getNumberA() / getNumberB();
    }
}

生成操作对象的工厂类：

public class OperationFactory {

    public static Operation createOperation(String operate) throws Exception {
        Operation operation = null;
        switch(operate.trim()) {
            case "+":
                operation = new OperationAdd();
                break;
            case "-" :
                operation = new OperationSub();
                break;
            case "*" :
                operation = new OperationMul();
                break;
            case "/" :
                operation = new OperationDiv();
                break;
            default:
                throw new Exception("输入的运算符号有误！");
        }
        return operation;
    }

}

客户端代码： 

public class OperationMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Operation operation = OperationFactory.createOperation("*");
        operation.setNumberA(15);
        operation.setNumberB(18);
        System.out.println(operation.getResult());
    }

}

如果再增加其他运算方法如开方，新建开方操作类，继承操作类，并实现抽象方法，并且在工厂类的switch-case中增加分支即可！