C#语法拾取(8)--类:构造函数和析构函数

1、构造函数

• 一个类的构造函数通常和这个类名相同。
• 构造函数不声明返回类型。
• 一般的构造是public的，如果是privat型的说明类不能被实例化，这通常用于只含有静态成员的类。
• 在构造函数中不要做对类的实例进行初始化以外的事情，也不要尝试显式的调用构造函数。

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Class { class Vehicle //定义车类的基础类 { public int Wheels; //公共成员 车轮数 protected float Weight; //保护成员 车重量 public Vehicle() { ;} //不带参数的实例化 public Vehicle(int w, float g) { Wheels = w; Weight = g; } public void show() { Console.WriteLine("The wheels of Vehicle is:{0}",Wheels); Console.WriteLine("The Weight of Vehicle is:{0}",Weight); } } class Train //定义火车类 { public int num; //车厢数目 private int passengers;//乘客数 private float Weight; //重量 public Train() { ;} public Train(int n, int p, float w) { num = n; passengers = p; Weight = w; } public void show() { Console.WriteLine("The num of Train is:{0}", num); Console.WriteLine("The passengers of Train is:{0}", passengers); Console.WriteLine("The Weight of Train is:{0}", Weight); } } class Car : Vehicle //继承类 { int Passengers; public Car(int w, float g, int p):base(w,g) { Wheels = w; Weight = g; Passengers = p; } public void show() { Console.WriteLine("The Wheels of Car is:{0}", Wheels); Console.WriteLine("The Weight of Car is:{0}", Weight); Console.WriteLine("The Passengers of Car is:{0}", Passengers); } } }

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Class { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Vehicle V1 = new Vehicle(4, 20); Train t1 = new Train(); Train t2 = new Train(16, 100, 300); Car c1 = new Car(6, 6, 8); V1.show(); t1.show(); t2.show(); c1.show(); Console.ReadLine(); } } }

 

2、析构函数

 

析构函数的名称与类名相同，只是在前面加了一个“～”。析构函数不接受任何参数，也不返回任何值。