1:概述
有了上一节共享库的工作,这节的就简单多了。
2: 目录结构
3:文件内容
这里就不罗嗦了,直接看内容吧,参考前面共享库的制作,需要稍作修改就OK。
现在是制作静态库时的状态,使用静态库的时候我们需要稍作修改。
需要修改只有2处,STATIC表示要生成静态库,ARCHIVE表示指定静态库的路径。hello文件跟上一节一样。
跟上一节一样,我们cmake一把吧。
呵呵,看到我们的静态库了。
4:安装静态库
安装前我们要制定安装路径,所以我们再重新构建吧。
我们可以看到已经安装到指定的/usr目录下面了。
5:使用静态库
我们修改工程目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件
修改库路径为主程序路径,并指定生成bin文件路径。
指定静态库文件。
再cmake一把把。
OK我们已经Hello world了,确认下吧。
不再是上一节的动态库了,OK,Done!
6:注
这里只是简单的实例了cmake构建静态库,后面我们会逐渐丰富。
2: 目录结构
- [onezeroone@ ex-4]$ tree
- .
- build
- CMakeLists.txt
- lib
- CMakeLists.txt
- hello.c
- hello.h
- src
- CMakeLists.txt
- main.c
-
- 3 directories, 6 files
3:文件内容
这里就不罗嗦了,直接看内容吧,参考前面共享库的制作,需要稍作修改就OK。
- [onezeroone@ ex-4]$ cat CMakeLists.txt
- PROJECT(EX-4)
- ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(lib)
- [onezeroone@ ex-4]$ cat ./lib/CMakeLists.txt
- SET(LIBHELLO_SRC hello.c)
- ADD_LIBRARY(hello STATIC ${LIBHELLO_SRC})
- INSTALL(TARGETS hello
- ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib)
- INSTALL(FILES hello.h DESTINATION include/hello)
跟上一节一样,我们cmake一把吧。
- [onezeroone@ ex-4]$ cd build/
- [onezeroone@ build]$ cmake ..
- -- The C compiler identification is GNU
- -- The CXX compiler identification is GNU
- -- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc
- -- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/gcc -- works
- -- Detecting C compiler ABI info
- -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
- -- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++
- -- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ -- works
- -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
- -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
- CMake Warning (dev) in CMakeLists.txt:
- No cmake_minimum_required command is present. A line of code such as
-
- cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
-
- should be added at the top of the file. The version specified may be lower
- if you wish to support older CMake versions for this project. For more
- information run "cmake --help-policy CMP0000".
- This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-
- -- Configuring done
- -- Generating done
- -- Build files have been written to: /home/onezeroone/work/cmake/ex-4/build
- [onezeroone@ build]$ make
- Scanning dependencies of target hello
- [100%] Building C object lib/CMakeFiles/hello.dir/hello.o
- Linking C static library libhello.a
- [100%] Built target hello
- [onezeroone@ build]$ ls ./lib/
- CMakeFiles cmake_install.cmake libhello.a Makefile
4:安装静态库
安装前我们要制定安装路径,所以我们再重新构建吧。
- [onezeroone@ build]$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr ..
- CMake Warning (dev) in CMakeLists.txt:
- No cmake_minimum_required command is present. A line of code such as
-
- cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
-
- should be added at the top of the file. The version specified may be lower
- if you wish to support older CMake versions for this project. For more
- information run "cmake --help-policy CMP0000".
- This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-
- -- Configuring done
- -- Generating done
- -- Build files have been written to: /home/onezeroone/work/cmake/ex-4/build
- [onezeroone@ build]$ make
- [100%] Built target hello
- [onezeroone@ build]$ sudo make install
- [100%] Built target hello
- Install the project...
- -- Install configuration: ""
- -- Installing: /usr/lib/libhello.a
- -- Up-to-date: /usr/include/hello/hello.h
5:使用静态库
我们修改工程目录下的CMakeLists.txt文件
- [onezeroone@ ex-4]$ cat CMakeLists.txt
- PROJECT(EX-4)
- ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src bin)
- [onezeroone@ src]$ cat CMakeLists.txt
- ADD_EXECUTABLE(main main.c)
- INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/usr/include/hello)
- TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(main libhello.a)
再cmake一把把。
- [onezeroone@ build]$ cmake ..
- CMake Warning (dev) in CMakeLists.txt:
- No cmake_minimum_required command is present. A line of code such as
-
- cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
-
- should be added at the top of the file. The version specified may be lower
- if you wish to support older CMake versions for this project. For more
- information run "cmake --help-policy CMP0000".
- This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
-
- -- Configuring done
- -- Generating done
- -- Build files have been written to: /home/onezeroone/work/cmake/ex-4/build
- [onezeroone@ build]$ make
- Scanning dependencies of target main
- [100%] Building C object bin/CMakeFiles/main.dir/main.o
- Linking C executable main
- [100%] Built target main
- [onezeroone@ build]$ cd bin/
- [onezeroone@ bin]$ ls
- CMakeFiles cmake_install.cmake main Makefile
- [onezeroone@ bin]$ ./main
- Hello world
- [onezeroone@ bin]$ ldd main
- linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00e09000)
- libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00110000)
- /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x0078f000)
6:注
这里只是简单的实例了cmake构建静态库,后面我们会逐渐丰富。
------------------------------------------------------------------
罗列一下cmake常用的命令。
CMake支持大写、小写、混合大小写的命令。
1. 添加头文件目录INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES
语法:
include_directories([AFTER|BEFORE] [SYSTEM] dir1 [dir2 ...])
它相当于g++选项中的-I参数的作用,也相当于环境变量中增加路径到CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH变量的作用。
include_directories(../../../thirdparty/comm/include)
2. 添加需要链接的库文件目录LINK_DIRECTORIES
语法:
link_directories(directory1 directory2 ...)
它相当于g++命令的-L选项的作用,也相当于环境变量中增加LD_LIBRARY_PATH的路径的作用。
link_directories("/home/server/third/lib")
3. 查找库所在目录FIND_LIBRARY
语法:
A short-hand signature is: find_library (<VAR> name1 [path1 path2 ...]) The general signature is: find_library ( <VAR> name | NAMES name1 [name2 ...] [NAMES_PER_DIR] [HINTS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]] [PATHS path1 [path2 ... ENV var]] [PATH_SUFFIXES suffix1 [suffix2 ...]] [DOC "cache documentation string"] [NO_DEFAULT_PATH] [NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH] [NO_CMAKE_PATH] [NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH] [NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH] [CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH | ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH | NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH] )
例子如下:
FIND_LIBRARY(RUNTIME_LIB rt /usr/lib /usr/local/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
cmake会在目录中查找,如果所有目录中都没有,值RUNTIME_LIB就会被赋为NO_DEFAULT_PATH
4. 添加需要链接的库文件路径LINK_LIBRARIES
语法:
link_libraries(library1 <debug | optimized> library2 ...)
# 直接是全路径
link_libraries(“/home/server/third/lib/libcommon.a”)
# 下面的例子,只有库名,cmake会自动去所包含的目录搜索
link_libraries(iconv)
# 传入变量
link_libraries(${RUNTIME_LIB})
# 也可以链接多个
link_libraries("/opt/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/glnxa64/libeng.so" "/opt/MATLAB/R2012a/bin/glnxa64/libmx.so")
可以链接一个,也可以多个,中间使用空格分隔.
5. 设置要链接的库文件的名称TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES
语法:
target_link_libraries(<target> [item1 [item2 [...]]]
[[debug|optimized|general] <item>] ...)
# 以下写法都可以:
target_link_libraries(myProject comm) # 连接libhello.so库,默认优先链接动态库
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.a) # 显示指定链接静态库
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.so) # 显示指定链接动态库
# 再如:
target_link_libraries(myProject libcomm.so) #这些库名写法都可以。
target_link_libraries(myProject comm)
target_link_libraries(myProject -lcomm)
6. 为工程生成目标文件
语法:
add_executable(<name> [WIN32] [MACOSX_BUNDLE]
[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
source1 [source2 ...])
简单的例子如下:
add_executable(demo main.cpp )
6. 最后贴一个完整的例子
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.6) INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(../../thirdparty/comm) FIND_LIBRARY(COMM_LIB comm ../../thirdparty/comm/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH) FIND_LIBRARY(RUNTIME_LIB rt /usr/lib /usr/local/lib NO_DEFAULT_PATH) link_libraries(${COMM_LIB} ${RUNTIME_LIB}) ADD_DEFINITIONS( -O3 -g -W -Wall -Wunused-variable -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-function -Wunused -Wno-deprecated -Woverloaded-virtual -Wwrite-strings -D__WUR= -D_REENTRANT -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -DTIXML_USE_STL ) add_library(lib_demo cmd.cpp global.cpp md5.cpp ) link_libraries(lib_demo) add_executable(demo main.cpp ) # link library in static mode target_link_libraries(demo libuuid.a)
另外,使用cmake生成makefile之后,make edit_cache可以编辑编译选项。
不熟悉的命令可以去查找文档,贴个cmake3.0官方帮助文档地址
https://cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/index.html