当你关注公众号,然后在公众号里面发送消息,会收到回复,这个就是客服消息
想要对接客服消息,首先要获取access_token,这个可以参考我之前的文章:对接微信公众号-CSDN博客
注意点:
1.后台收到消息里面会有一个微信号,如果你的后台配置了多个公众号,可以通过这个微信号来确定是哪个公众号发的消息,测试号的微信账号在右上角,正式公众号的微信号就是原始id,以gh_开头的
2.正式环境需要把后台的ip配置到白名单中,否则调用微信接口会报错
回复消息的方式
回复消息的方式有两种,一种是接收到用户消息后直接在response里面回复,文档:回复文本消息 | 微信开放文档
这种方式比较简单,缺点是必须保证在5s内回复,否则会重试,不知道你有没有遇到过以下场景,当你发送一条消息,过了一会突然收到好几条相同的信息,就是卡顿重试造成的。
还有一种方式是客服消息,这种是后台主动给用户发消息, 功能更加强大,不仅仅可以回复用户消息,还可以在用户关注公众号,扫描二维码,点击菜单时回复用户消息,参考文档:客服接口-发送消息
由于客服消息是异步发送,在发送的过程中我们可以调用客服输入状态接口,实现以下效果
用户体验更好,参考文档: 客服输入状态
客服消息规则如下,就是说如果用户发送了消息,你可以在48小时内下发最多5条消息
场景 | 下发额度 | 额度有效期 |
---|---|---|
用户发送消息 | 5条 | 48小时 |
点击自定义菜单 | 3条 | 1分钟 |
关注公众号 | 3条 | 1分钟 |
扫描二维码 | 3条 | 1分钟 |
如何对接服务器,如何接收消息可以看我之前写的博客: 对接微信公众号-CSDN博客
Java代码实现
以下代码实现了客服回复文本消息,图文消息和图片消息
当用户输入文本则回复你好,输入图文则返回一篇新闻,输入图片则返回一张图片
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/wx")
@Api(tags = "微信管理")
public class WxController {
@Autowired
private WeixinService weixinService;
@RequestMapping("receiveWeixin")
@ApiOperation(value = "接收微信消息")
public void receiveWeixin(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce, String echostr,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
//服务器校验
String token = "123456";
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(token);
list.add(timestamp);
list.add(nonce);
list = CollectionUtil.sort(list, (o1, o2) -> o1.compareTo(o2));
String str = CollectionUtil.join(list, "");
if (!signature.equals(SecureUtil.sha1(str))) {
return;
}
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(echostr)) {
//校验服务器
response.getOutputStream().write(echostr.getBytes());
response.getOutputStream().flush();
return;
}
//接收消息
Document document = XmlUtil.readXML(request.getInputStream());
Map map = XmlUtil.xmlToMap(document);
JSONObject json = JSONObject.parseObject(JSONObject.toJSON(map).toString()).getJSONObject("xml");
System.out.println(json);
//消息类型
String msgType = json.getString("MsgType");
//公众号微信账号
String account = json.getString("ToUserName");
if (msgType.equals("event")) {
// 处理事件消息,比如当用户关注公众号可以下发个欢迎消息
} else if (msgType.equals("text")) {
// 处理用户消息
WeixinReceiveText weixinReceiveText = JSONObject.parseObject(json.toJSONString(), WeixinReceiveText.class);
ThreadUtil.execAsync(() -> weixinService.replyMessage(weixinReceiveText.getFromUserName(), weixinReceiveText.getContent()));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@PostMapping(value = "/uploadMaterial")
@ApiOperation(value = "上传资源")
public JSONObject uploadMaterial(MultipartFile file) {
return weixinService.addMaterial(file, "image");
}
}
@Service
public class WeixinService {
protected static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeixinService.class);
private final String TOKEN_KEY = "WEIXIN_TOKEN:";
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
private final static String appId = "你的appid";
private final static String appsecret = "你的appsecret";
public WxUser getUserInfoByCode(String code) {
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid={}&secret={}&code={}&grant_type=authorization_code";
url = StrUtil.format(url, appId, appsecret, code);
String res = HttpUtil.get(url);
JSONObject tokenInfo = handleResult(res);
String token = tokenInfo.getString("access_token");
String openid = tokenInfo.getString("openid");
String userInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token={}&openid={}&lang=zh_CN";
userInfoUrl = StrUtil.format(userInfoUrl, token, openid);
res = HttpUtil.get(userInfoUrl);
JSONObject userInfoJson = handleResult(res);
return JSONObject.parseObject(userInfoJson.toJSONString(), WxUser.class);
}
public synchronized String getToken() {
String redisKey = TOKEN_KEY + appId;
String token = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(redisKey);
if (StrUtil.isNotEmpty(token)) return token;
JSONObject params = new JSONObject();
params.put("grant_type", "client_credential");
params.put("appid", appId);
params.put("secret", appsecret);
String str = HttpUtil.post(WeixinConstants.ACCESS_TOKEN_URL, params.toJSONString());
JSONObject result = handleResult(str);
token = result.getString("access_token");
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(redisKey, token
, result.getIntValue("expires_in"), TimeUnit.SECONDS);
return token;
}
private JSONObject handleResult(String str) {
JSONObject result = JSONObject.parseObject(str);
if (StrUtil.isNotBlank(result.getString("errcode"))) {
if (result.getString("errcode").equals("0")) {
return result;
}
if (result.getString("errcode").equals("40014")) {
clearToken(appId);
}
throw new RuntimeException(StrUtil.format("微信接口出错, errcode: {}, msg: {}"
, result.getString("errcode"), result.getString("errmsg")));
}
return result;
}
public void clearToken(String appId) {
String redisKey = TOKEN_KEY + appId;
redisTemplate.delete(redisKey);
}
public JSONObject getMenuInfo() {
String token = getToken();
String str = HttpUtil.get(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.GET_MENU_INFO_URL, token));
JSONObject result = handleResult(str);
JSONObject menuInfo = result.getJSONObject("selfmenu_info");
if (menuInfo == null) {
menuInfo = new JSONObject();
}
return menuInfo;
}
public void createMenu(String menu) {
String token = getToken();
String str = HttpUtil.post(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.CREATE_MENU_URL, token), menu);
handleResult(str);
}
public void customSend(String openId, String message) {
String token = getToken();
JSONObject body = new JSONObject();
body.put("touser", openId);
body.put("msgtype", "text");
JSONObject content = new JSONObject();
body.put("text", content);
content.put("content", message);
String str = HttpUtil.post(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.CUSTOM_SEND_URL, token), body.toJSONString());
handleResult(str);
}
/**
* 发送图片消息
*/
public void customSendPic(String openId, String mediaId) {
String token = getToken();
JSONObject body = new JSONObject();
body.put("touser", openId);
body.put("msgtype", "image");
JSONObject image = new JSONObject();
body.put("image", image);
image.put("media_id", mediaId);
String str = HttpUtil.post(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.CUSTOM_SEND_URL, token), body.toJSONString());
handleResult(str);
}
public void customSendPicText(String openId, WeixinPicTextVO weixinPicTextVO) {
String token = getToken();
JSONObject body = new JSONObject();
body.put("touser", openId);
body.put("msgtype", "news");
JSONObject news = new JSONObject();
body.put("news", news);
JSONArray articles = new JSONArray();
news.put("articles", articles);
articles.add(weixinPicTextVO);
String str = HttpUtil.post(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.CUSTOM_SEND_URL, token), body.toJSONString());
handleResult(str);
}
// type: image, voice, video, thumb
public JSONObject addMaterial(MultipartFile file, String type) {
File dir = null;
try {
String token = getToken();
String url = StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.ADD_METERIAL_URL, token, type);
//获取临时文件夹目录
String tempPath = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
String dirName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
dir = new File(tempPath + dirName);
dir.mkdirs();
File tempFile = new File(dir.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + file.getOriginalFilename());
tempFile.deleteOnExit();
file.transferTo(tempFile);
HashMap<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("media", tempFile);
String str = HttpUtil.post(url, paramMap);
return handleResult(str);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException("上传文件出错", e);
} finally {
FileUtil.del(dir);
}
}
// command: Typing,CancelTyping
public void customTyping(String openId, String command) {
String token = getToken();
JSONObject body = new JSONObject();
body.put("touser", openId);
body.put("command", command);
String str = HttpUtil.post(StrUtil.format(WeixinConstants.CUSTOM_TYPING_URL, token), body.toJSONString());
handleResult(str);
}
public void replyMessage(String openId, String content) {
try {
customTyping(openId, "Typing");
if ("文本".equals(content)) {
customSend(openId, "你好");
} else if ("图文".equals(content)) {
WeixinPicTextVO weixinPicTextVO = new WeixinPicTextVO();
weixinPicTextVO.setTitle("年轻人开始流行三无婚礼");
weixinPicTextVO.setDescription("近年来,越来越多的年轻人告别繁杂冗余的俗套,简化仪式和环节,选择流程简单、时间充裕的极简婚礼");
weixinPicTextVO.setUrl("https://www.jnnews.tv/guanzhu/p/2024-01/15/1027166.html");
weixinPicTextVO.setPicurl("https://www.jnnews.tv/a/10001/202401/bdabe3e9925a31e867137ed95f722edc.jpeg");
customSendPicText(openId, weixinPicTextVO);
} else if ("图片".equals(content)) {
// mediaId通过addMaterial获得
customSendPic(openId, "im8rzmF--MD8vDCSnju1oif7lPzvgBMUepg0X1gh8CR6iD2L27CcxLhouIMigR2F");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("微信客服消息出错: {}", e);
} finally {
customTyping(openId, "CancelTyping");
}
}
}
public class WeixinConstants {
/**
* 获取token
*/
public static final String ACCESS_TOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/stable_token";
/**
* 获取菜单
*/
public static final String GET_MENU_INFO_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_current_selfmenu_info?access_token={}";
/**
* 创建菜单
*/
public static final String CREATE_MENU_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token={}";
/**
* 客服接口-发消息
*/
public static final String CUSTOM_SEND_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token={}";
/**
* 客服接口-输入状态
*/
public static final String CUSTOM_TYPING_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/typing?access_token={}";
/**
* 添加素材
*/
public static final String ADD_METERIAL_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/material/add_material?access_token={}&type={}";
}
@Data
@ApiModel(value = "WeixinReceiveText", description = "WeixinReceiveText")
public class WeixinReceiveText extends WeixinBaseVO {
private String Content;
private String MsgId;
private String MsgDataId;
private String Idx;
}
@Data
public class WeixinPicTextVO {
private String title;
private String description;
private String url;
private String picurl;
}