R数据可视化-ggplot2包

ggplot2作图

qplot函数：
install.packages(“ggplot2”)
library(ggplot2)
#ggplot2自带的数据集diamonds
diamonds
getOption(“max.print”)
options(max.print=100000)
#作图
qplot(carat,price,data=diamonds)
qplot(log(carat),log(price),data=diamonds)
qplot(carat,xyz,data=diamonds)
#数据集的简化(建立随机种子后进行抽样为dsmall,作图:colour颜色,shape现状,alpha透明度)
set.seed(1410)
dsmall=diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds),100),]
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,colour=color)
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,shape=cut)
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,alpha=I(1/10))
#用geom画不同类型的统计图
qplot(carat,price,data=diamonds,geom = c(“point”,“smooth”))
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,geom = c(“point”,“smooth”))
#弯曲程度取决于span
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,geom = c(“point”,“smooth”),span=1)
#method=“loess”,对于较小的n为缺省拟合方式
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,geom = c(“point”,“smooth”),method=“gam”,formula=y~s(x))
qplot(carat,price,data=dsmall,geom = c(“point”,“smooth”),method=“gam”,formula=y~s(x,bs=“cs”))

#箱图
qplot(color,price/carat,data=diamonds,geom = “boxplot”)
qplot(color,price/carat,data=diamonds,geom = “jitter”)
#直方图,binwidth为柱宽,xlim为x轴的范围
qplot(color,data=diamonds,geom =“histogram”,binwidth=0.5,xlim = c(0,3))

#画密度曲线图
qplot(color,data=diamonds,geom =“density”,colour=color)

#柱状图（分类（离散值）汇总）
qplot(color,data=diamonds,geom =“bar”)
qplot(color,data=diamonds,geom =“bar”,weight=carat)+scale_y_continuous(“carat”)

#画连线图
economics
qplot(data,unemploy/pop,data = economics,geom = “line”)

#路径表达式
qplot(unemploy/pop,uempmed,data = economics,geom = c(“point”,“path”))

#彩色路径
year<-function(x) as.POSIXlt(x)$year+1900
注：POSIXct格式的时间：以有符号整数形式存储，表示从1970-01-01到该时间点经过的秒数
POSIXlt格式的时间：以字符串形式存储，包含年月日等
“05/27/84” 对应格式 “%m/%d/%y”
“May 27 1984” 对应格式 “%B %d %Y”
qplot(unemploy/pop,uempmed,data = economics,geom = “path”,colour=year(date))
qplot(unemploy/pop,uempmed,data = economics,geom = “path”,colour=year(date))+scale_size_area()

#分组画法
qplot(carat,data=diamonds,facets = color~.,geom =“histogram”,bi