《高效学习OpenGL》 之 逆变换和模拟变换 gluUnProject(),gluProject()

int gluUnProject (
	   GLdouble       winx, 
	   GLdouble       winy, 
	   GLdouble       winz, 
	   const GLdouble modelMatrix[16], 
	   const GLdouble projMatrix[16], 
	   const GLint    viewport[4], 
	   GLdouble       *objx, 
	   GLdouble       *objy, 
	   GLdouble       *objz);
   //这个函数使用由模型视图矩阵（modelMatrix）、投影矩阵（projMatrix）、和视口（viewport）定义的变换，把指定的窗口二维坐标(winx, winy, winz)映射到物体三维坐标
   //它产生的物体坐标是在objx、objy、objz中返回的，这个函数返回GL_TRUE表示返回成功或GL_FALSE表示失败。窗口深度坐标是winz根据gldepthRange()指定的，范围[0,1]。

实例：

void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y) 
{
   GLint viewport[4];
   GLdouble mvmatrix[16], projmatrix[16];
   GLint realy;  /*  OpenGL y coordinate position  */
   GLdouble wx, wy, wz;  /*  returned world x, y, z coords  */

   switch (button) {
      case GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:
         if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
            glGetIntegerv (GL_VIEWPORT, viewport);//获取视口
            glGetDoublev (GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, mvmatrix);//获取模型视图矩阵
            glGetDoublev (GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projmatrix);//获取投影矩阵
/*  note viewport[3] is height of window in pixels  */
            realy = viewport[3] - (GLint) y - 1;
            printf ("Coordinates at cursor are (%4d, %4d)\n", x, realy);
            gluUnProject ((GLdouble) x, (GLdouble) realy, 0.0, //所求得的物体三维坐标位于近侧裁剪平面上0.0
               mvmatrix, projmatrix, viewport, &wx, &wy, &wz); 
            printf ("World coords at z=0.0 are (%f, %f, %f)\n", 
               wx, wy, wz);
            gluUnProject ((GLdouble) x, (GLdouble) realy, 1.0, //所求得的物体三维坐标位于远侧裁剪平面上1.0
               mvmatrix, projmatrix, viewport, &wx, &wy, &wz); 
            printf ("World coords at z=1.0 are (%f, %f, %f)\n", 
               wx, wy, wz);
         }
         break;
      case GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON:
         if (state == GLUT_DOWN)
            exit(0);
         break;
      default:
         break;
   }
}

2.gluProject()

   int APIENTRY gluProject (
	   GLdouble        objx, 
	   GLdouble        objy, 
	   GLdouble        objz,  
	   const GLdouble  modelMatrix[16], 
	   const GLdouble  projMatrix[16], 
	   const GLint     viewport[4], 
	   GLdouble        *winx, 
	   GLdouble        *winy, 
	   GLdouble        *winz);
   //与gluUnProject()功能相反，其作用是将物体坐标变换为窗口坐标