Ubuntu18.4安装mysql 涉及到的修改调整

主要是能远程直接连接 能ssh方式登录连接mysql

# 安装MySQL：

sudo apt install mysql-server

安装完成之后可以使用如下命令来检查是否安装成功：

netstat -tap | grep mysql

登录mysql数据库可以通过如下命令：

sudo  mysql -u root -p

-u 表示选择登陆的用户名， -p 表示登陆的用户密码，现在是mysql数据库是没有密码的，Enter password:处直接回车，就能够进入mysql数据库。

然后通过 show databases; 就可以查看当前的所有数据库。

root@ubuntu-virtual-machine:~# sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?    # 要安装验证密码插件吗?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N    # 这里我选择N
Please set the password for root here.

New password:   # 输入要为root管理员设置的数据库密码

Re-enter new password:   # 再次输入密码

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y     # 删除匿名账户
Success.

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N    # 禁止root管理员从远程登录，这里我没有禁止

... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 删除test数据库并取消对它的访问权限
- Dropping test database...
Success.

- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y   # 刷新授权表，让初始化后的设定立即生效
Success.

All done!

show databases;
use mysql;

在/etc/ssh/sshd_config中添加
KexAlgorithms curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1

ubuntu@linuxserver:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
[ ok ] Restarting mysql (via systemctl): mysql.service.

ubuntu@linuxserver:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 31
Server version: 5.7.35-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id:    8
Current database: *** NONE ***

Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                     |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root             | auth_socket           |                                           |
| localhost | mysql.session    | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | mysql_native_password | *BE003E4ADDEE07A18A2432E3A0A28865774D921C |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查看并修改密码复杂度默认中级长度为8：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password_length             | 8      |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+

mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>  SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF   |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 4     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

测试root账户密码为test
 
mysql> select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                | authentication_string                     |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root             | mysql_native_password | *DBCE80FDA60F03F259C888FE109A7F88E167BB4F |
| localhost | mysql.session    | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | mysql_native_password | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | mysql_native_password | *BE003E4ADDEE07A18A2432E3A0A28865774D921C |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update user set plugin="mysql_native_password" where user='root';
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'test';

mysql> update `user` set `host` = '%' where `user` = 'root';   
mysql> flush privileges;