java设计模式-25职责链模式

定义

• 责任链模式，为请求创建了一个接收者对象职责链模式通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。
• 如果一个对象不能处理该请求，那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者，依此类推的链(简单示意图)。
• 将请求和处理分开，实现解耦，提高系统的灵活性
• 性能会受到影响，特别是在链比较长的时候，因此需控制链中最大节点数量
• 调试不方便。采用了类似递归的方式，调试时逻辑可能比较复杂

角色

• Handler : 抽象的处理者, 定义了一个处理请求的接口, 同时含义另外Handler
• ConcreteHandlerA , B 是具体的处理者, 处理它自己负责的请求， 可以访问它的后继者(即下一个处理者), 如果可以处理当前请求，则处理，否则就将该请求交个 后继者去处理，从而形成一个职责链
• Request ， 含义很多属性，表示一个请求
  代码

package com.example.demo;

public class test20 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        //创建一个请求
        PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest = new PurchaseRequest(1, 31000, 1);
        PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest1 = new PurchaseRequest(1, 400, 1);
        PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest2 = new PurchaseRequest(1, 5100, 1);
        PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest3 = new PurchaseRequest(1, 15100, 1);

        //创建相关的审批人
        DepartmentApprover departmentApprover = new DepartmentApprover("张主任");
        CollegeApprover collegeApprover = new CollegeApprover("李院长");
        ViceSchoolMasterApprover viceSchoolMasterApprover = new ViceSchoolMasterApprover("王副校");
        SchoolMasterApprover schoolMasterApprover = new SchoolMasterApprover("佟校长");


        //需要将各个审批级别的下一个设置好 (处理人构成环形: )
        departmentApprover.setApprover(collegeApprover);
        collegeApprover.setApprover(viceSchoolMasterApprover);
        viceSchoolMasterApprover.setApprover(schoolMasterApprover);
        schoolMasterApprover.setApprover(departmentApprover);



         departmentApprover.processRequest(purchaseRequest1);
         departmentApprover.processRequest(purchaseRequest2);
         departmentApprover.processRequest(purchaseRequest3);
         departmentApprover.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
         /**
         请求编号 id= 1 被 张主任 处理
          请求编号 id= 1 被 李院长 处理
          请求编号 id= 1 被 王副校 处理
          请求编号 id= 1 被 佟校长 处理
         */
    }
}
//请求类
class PurchaseRequest{
    private int type = 0; //请求类型
    private float price = 0.0f; //请求金额
    private int id = 0;

    public PurchaseRequest(int type, float price, int id) {
        this.type = type;
        this.price = price;
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(int type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

abstract class Approver {
    Approver approver;  //下一个处理者
    String name;//名字

    public Approver(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setApprover(Approver approver) {
        this.approver = approver;
    }
    //处理审批请求的方法，得到一个请求, 处理是子类完成，因此该方法做成抽象
    public abstract void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest);
}

//主任 可以审批小于等于5000的
class DepartmentApprover extends Approver{
    public DepartmentApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if(purchaseRequest.getPrice() <= 5000){
            System.out.println(" 请求编号 id= " + purchaseRequest.getId() + " 被 " + this.name + " 处理");
        }else{
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}

//院长 可以审批大于5000 小于等于10000的
class CollegeApprover extends Approver{
    public CollegeApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if(purchaseRequest.getPrice() <= 10000&&purchaseRequest.getPrice() > 5000){
            System.out.println(" 请求编号 id= " + purchaseRequest.getId() + " 被 " + this.name + " 处理");
        }else{
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}
//副校 可以审批大10000 小于等于30000的
class ViceSchoolMasterApprover extends Approver{
    public ViceSchoolMasterApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if(purchaseRequest.getPrice() <= 30000&&purchaseRequest.getPrice() > 10000){
            System.out.println(" 请求编号 id= " + purchaseRequest.getId() + " 被 " + this.name + " 处理");
        }else{
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}
//校长 可以审批大于30000的
class SchoolMasterApprover extends Approver{
    public SchoolMasterApprover(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void processRequest(PurchaseRequest purchaseRequest) {
        if(purchaseRequest.getPrice() > 30000){
            System.out.println(" 请求编号 id= " + purchaseRequest.getId() + " 被 " + this.name + " 处理");
        }else{
            approver.processRequest(purchaseRequest);
        }
    }
}