spring05:Spring注解开发详细步骤

目录

5.1Sping原始注解

 5.2Spring新注解

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5.1Sping原始注解

 Spring帮解析，完成Bean的创建和注入

1.创建dao层的UserDao接口和实现类

2.创建service层的UserService接口和实现类

接口

public interface UserService {
    public void save();
}

实现类

package com.hzw.service.impl;

import com.hzw.dao.UserDao;
import com.hzw.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

// <bean id="userServive" class="com.hzw.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
@Service("userService")
@Scope("singleton")  //单个bean
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
//${key}  直接从容器中查找对应的key,将key的值赋值给driver
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}") //对属性进行注入
    private String driver;
    //<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
    //@Autowired  //按照类型依赖注入，从spring容器中进行匹配
    //@Qualifier("userDao")  //按照id值从容器进行匹配，此处@Qualifier要结合@Autowired 使用
   @Resource(name = "userDao") //相当于@Qualifier、@Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;
//注解方法可省略setter方法 通过反射获取
//    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
//        this.userDao = userDao;
//    }
    @Override
    public void save() {
        System.out.println(driver);
    userDao.save();

    }
    @PostConstruct()
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("Service对象初始化方法");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destroy(){
        System.out.println("Service对象销毁方法");
    }
}

3.配置文件

1.jdbc.properties配置文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud-user?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

2.ApplicatinContect.xml

applicatinContext.xml加载jdbc.properties配置文件获取连接信息

首先，需要引入context命名空间阿约束路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--加载外部的properties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--使用注解开发，需要配置组件扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hzw"/>
</beans>

4.测试

import com.hzw.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class UserController {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

4.测试，调用userDao接口成功

 5.2Spring新注解

新注解解决以上问题

 1.使用新注解代替xml配置文件

 2.创建SpringConfig类代替ApplicatinContext.xml 

@Import:导入其他配置类

@Configuration Spring配置类

@ComponetScan:全局扫描包 

 3.数据库配置类

package com.hzw.config;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
//<!--加载外部的peoperties文件-->
//    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
public class DataSourceConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;

    @Bean("dataSource") //Spring会将当前方法的返回值，以指定名称存储到容器中
    public DataSource getDataSource() throws Exception {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        //dataSource.setPassword("${jdbc.username}"); 在api中是字符串 不会解析
        //获取数据源
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
        return dataSource;
    }
}

4.测试类 使用ApplicationContect 的实现类为AnnotationConfigApplicationContext（注解）

import com.hzw.config.SpringConfig;
import com.hzw.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class UserController {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       // ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

5.运行结果截图：