用pygame来写一个贪吃蛇的小游戏

整体的思路：
1.游戏里面有俩个角色： 食物 蛇
我们就定义了俩个类来初始化它们的设置与属性（包括蛇的运动规则等）（我这里写的蛇的颜色，长度就没有在类里面写）
2.游戏逻辑：（1）蛇吃了食物要长大，速度变快
（2）蛇会跟随指令动
（3）不能碰到边界
（4）如果碰到就会重新开始
3.加载背景和声音
下面是代码：

import pygame
import random

# import time

SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
STEP = 20  # 蛇的步长
SNAKE_SIZE = 20  # 蛇身体的尺寸
INIT_SNAKE_LENGTH = 100  # 蛇的初始长度
#

# 定义颜色
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)

# 初始化 Pygame 库
pygame.init()

# 设置频率，防止贪吃蛇跑的太快
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

# 设置游戏窗口
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇")


#加载音效和图像
beijing_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("D:\\python\\project\\project 1\\beijingyinyue.wav")
background = pygame.image.load("D:\\python\\project\\project 1\\beijingtu.jpg")
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))#改变图形大小，适应窗口大小

# 重新开始游戏的设置  有问题
def game_again():
    print("调用了函数1")
    global snake, food, FPS, game_over

    FPS = 10
    snake = Snake()
    food = Food()
    FPS = 10
    game_over = False
    print("重新开始")


#    for event in pygame.event.get():#出现了问题
#       print("判断判断")
#      if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#         if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
#            game_again1()
#       elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
#          pygame.quit()
#         quit()
#        print("结束游戏")
def game_again1():
    print("调用了函数2")
    global snake, food, FPS, game_over
    FPS = 10
    snake.positions = [(SCREEN_WIDTH // 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2), (SCREEN_WIDTH // 2 - SNAKE_SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2),
                       (SCREEN_WIDTH // 2 - 2 * SNAKE_SIZE, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2)]
    snake.direction = 'right'
    food.randomize_position()
    game_over = False
    print("重新开始")


# 定义蛇的类
class Snake:
    def __init__(self):
        self.length = INIT_SNAKE_LENGTH
        self.positions = [(SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2)]
        self.color = RED
        self.direction = random.choice(['left', 'right', 'up', 'down'])

    def control(self, xy):
        if xy == 'left' and self.direction != 'right':
            self.direction = 'left'
        elif xy == 'right' and self.direction != 'left':
            self.direction = 'right'
        elif xy == 'up' and self.direction != 'down':
            self.direction = 'up'
        elif xy == 'down' and self.direction != 'up':
            self.direction = 'down'

    def move(self):
        x, y = self.positions[0]
        if self.direction == 'left':
            x -= STEP
        elif self.direction == 'right':
            x += STEP
        elif self.direction == 'up':
            y -= STEP
        elif self.direction == 'down':
            y += STEP

        self.positions = [(x, y)] + self.positions[:-1]

    def grow(self):
        x, y = self.positions[0]
        if self.direction == 'left':
            x -= STEP
        elif self.direction == 'right':
            x += STEP
        elif self.direction == 'up':
            y -= STEP
        elif self.direction == 'down':
            y += STEP

        self.positions = [(x, y)] + self.positions[:]
        self.length += 1

    def draw(self):
        for position in self.positions:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, (position[0], position[1], SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE))


# 定义食物的类
class Food:
    def __init__(self):
        self.position = (0, 0)
        self.color = WHITE
        self.randomize_position()

    def randomize_position(self):
        self.position = (
        random.randint(0, SCREEN_WIDTH // STEP - 1) * STEP, random.randint(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT // STEP - 1) * STEP)

    def draw(self):
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color, (self.position[0], self.position[1], SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE))
        #  self.position[0], self.position[1]为矩形左上角的坐标 后俩个参数代表了宽和高


# 初始化蛇和食物和速度
snake = Snake()
food = Food()
FPS = 10


# 配置蛇的速度
def speed(sudu):
    sudu = sudu + 10
    print(sudu)
    return sudu


# 游戏开始
game_over = False

# 游戏循环
while not game_over:
    #screen.fill(BLACK)  # 填充游戏背景为黑色
    screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
    #beijing_sound.play(loops = -1) #可以使用，但是音频里面有一定杂音
    snake.draw()  # 绘制小蛇
    food.draw()  # 绘制食物
    pygame.display.update()  # 更新整个屏幕
    # 检测事件
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            game_over = True
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                snake.control('left')
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                snake.control('right')
            elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                snake.control('up')
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                snake.control('down')


    # 获取蛇头和食物坐标
    x, y = snake.positions[0]
    fx, fy = food.position

    # 判断蛇是否吃到了食物
    if x <= fx < x + SNAKE_SIZE and y <= fy < y + SNAKE_SIZE:
        food.randomize_position()
        snake.grow()
        FPS = speed(FPS)
        # eat_sound.play()
        # FPS = FPS + 10
    # 蛇移动
    snake.move()

    # 判断蛇是否碰到了边界
    if x < 0 or x > SCREEN_WIDTH or y < 0 or y > SCREEN_HEIGHT:
        game_over = True
        game_again()
    # 判断蛇是否碰到了自己的身体
    if x in snake.positions or y in snake.positions:
        game_over = True
        game_again()
    clock.tick(FPS)
print("代码完")

代码的不足之处：
1.这里的蛇是简单化的用方块组成
2.这里的游戏结束和重新开始的时间间距很短，没有给玩家进行判断是否要重新开 始