Android初始化过程

Android启动以后第一个执行的是init程序，init是一个守护进程，路径为：/system/core/init/init.c

从代码里面可以看出，它包含设备管理，解析init.rc和init.xxx.rc初始化脚本，执行启动脚本中的基本功能和各种服务。

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  .......

        /* Get the basic filesystem setup we need put
         * together in the initramdisk on / and then we'll
         * let the rc file figure out the rest.
         */
    mkdir("/dev", 0755);
    mkdir("/proc", 0755);
    mkdir("/sys", 0755);

    mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", 0, "mode=0755");
    mkdir("/dev/pts", 0755);
    mkdir("/dev/socket", 0755);
    mount("devpts", "/dev/pts", "devpts", 0, NULL);
    mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, NULL);
    mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL);

        /* We must have some place other than / to create the
         * device nodes for kmsg and null, otherwise we won't
         * be able to remount / read-only later on.
         * Now that tmpfs is mounted on /dev, we can actually
         * talk to the outside world.
         */
    open_devnull_stdio();
    log_init();
   
    INFO("reading config file/n");
    parse_config_file("/init.rc");

    /* pull the kernel commandline and ramdisk properties file in */
    qemu_init();
    import_kernel_cmdline(0);

    get_hardware_name();
    snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/init.%s.rc", hardware);
    parse_config_file(tmp);

    action_for_each_trigger("early-init", action_add_queue_tail);
    drain_action_queue();

    INFO("device init/n");
    device_fd = device_init();

    property_init();
   
    // only listen for keychords if ro.debuggable is true
    debuggable = property_get("ro.debuggable");
    if (debuggable && !strcmp(debuggable, "1")) {
        keychord_fd = open_keychord();
    }

    if (console[0]) {
        snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/dev/%s", console);
        console_name = strdup(tmp);
    }

    fd = open(console_name, O_RDWR);
    if (fd >= 0)
        have_console = 1;
    close(fd);

.......

 

   property_set("ro.serialno", serialno[0] ? serialno : "");
    property_set("ro.bootmode", bootmode[0] ? bootmode : "unknown");
    property_set("ro.baseband", baseband[0] ? baseband : "unknown");
    property_set("ro.carrier", carrier[0] ? carrier : "unknown");
    property_set("ro.bootloader", bootloader[0] ? bootloader : "unknown");

    property_set("ro.hardware", hardware);
    snprintf(tmp, PROP_VALUE_MAX, "%d", revision);
    property_set("ro.revision", tmp);

        /* execute all the boot actions to get us started */
    action_for_each_trigger("init", action_add_queue_tail);
    drain_action_queue();

        /* read any property files on system or data and
         * fire up the property service.  This must happen
         * after the ro.foo properties are set above so
         * that /data/local.prop cannot interfere with them.
         */
    property_set_fd = start_property_service( );

 .......

        if (ufds[0].revents == POLLIN)
            handle_device_fd (device_fd);

        if (ufds[1].revents == POLLIN)
            handle_property_set_fd (property_set_fd);
        if (ufds[3].revents == POLLIN)
            handle_keychord(keychord_fd);
    }

    return 0;
}

 

Parser.c：parse_config_file(), init.rc, init.xxx.rc

Device.c：device_init(), handle_device_fd()

Property_Service.c：property_init(), start_property_service(), handle_property_set_fd()

 

 

init.rc中启动servicemanager，zygote， mediaserver等服务。

 

servicemanager是Binder的服务管理守护进程，也是Binder机制的核心，所有Binder都会通过它进行注册，然后客户端再通过其获取服务接口，具体可以参考Service_manager.c

流程：打开Binder驱动->成为服务管理进程->进入binder_loop等待访问请求。

 

 

Zygote是Android Java部分的孵化器，也就是Android java框架的基础，它首先孵化system_server，system_server是大多数系统服务的守护进程。Zygote在启动后分列为子进程和父进程，子进程孵化system_server。父进程进入孵化状态。

 

system_server启动系统服务

SystemServer.java

class ServerThread extends Thread {

.......

@Override
    public void run() {
        EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_SYSTEM_RUN,
            SystemClock.uptimeMillis());

        ActivityManagerService.prepareTraceFile(false);     // create dir

        Looper.prepare();

        android.os.Process.setThreadPriority(
                android.os.Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND);

        String factoryTestStr = SystemProperties.get("ro.factorytest");
        int factoryTest = "".equals(factoryTestStr) ? SystemServer.FACTORY_TEST_OFF
                : Integer.parseInt(factoryTestStr);

 ......

        // Critical services...
        try {
            Log.i(TAG, "Entropy Service");
            ServiceManager.addService("entropy", new EntropyService());

            Log.i(TAG, "Power Manager");
            power = new PowerManagerService();
            ServiceManager.addService(Context.POWER_SERVICE, power);

            Log.i(TAG, "Activity Manager");
            context = ActivityManagerService.main(factoryTest);

            Log.i(TAG, "Telephony Registry");
            ServiceManager.addService("telephony.registry", new TelephonyRegistry(context));

            AttributeCache.init(context);

            Log.i(TAG, "Package Manager");
            pm = PackageManagerService.main(context,
                    factoryTest != SystemServer.FACTORY_TEST_OFF);

            ActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess();

            mContentResolver = context.getContentResolver();

            // The AccountManager must come before the ContentService
            try {
                Log.i(TAG, "Account Manager");
                ServiceManager.addService(Context.ACCOUNT_SERVICE,
                        new AccountManagerService(context));
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failure starting Account Manager", e);
            }

            Log.i(TAG, "Content Manager");
            ContentService.main(context,
                    factoryTest == SystemServer.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL);

            Log.i(TAG, "System Content Providers");
            ActivityManagerService.installSystemProviders();

            Log.i(TAG, "Battery Service");
            battery = new BatteryService(context);
            ServiceManager.addService("battery", battery);
.......

            try {
                Log.i(TAG, "Clipboard Service");
                ServiceManager.addService("clipboard", new ClipboardService(context));
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failure starting Clipboard Service", e);
            }

            try {
                Log.i(TAG, "Input Method Service");
                imm = new InputMethodManagerService(context, statusBar);
                ServiceManager.addService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE, imm);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failure starting Input Manager Service", e);
            }

            try {
                Log.i(TAG, "NetStat Service");
                ServiceManager.addService("netstat", new NetStatService(context));
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failure starting NetStat Service", e);
            }

            try {
                Log.i(TAG, "Connectivity Service");
                connectivity = ConnectivityService.getInstance(context);
                ServiceManager.addService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE, connectivity);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failure starting Connectivity Service", e);
            }

       .......

 

 

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