Anaconda的使用

1、anaconda介绍

         Python虽然是一门优秀的程序语言，但其拥有出色的数据处理能力，尤其是在数据量巨大的时候，因而也吸引了不少数据分析人员的关注和使用。Python的数据处理能力主要依赖于NumPy,SciPy,Matplotlib,Pandas这4个库，其中NumPy提供了矩阵运算的功能，SciPy则在NumPy的基础上添加了许多科学计算的函数库，而这两个库就使Python具有和Matlab一样的数据处理能力了。Matplotlib库提供了绘图，可以实现数据的可视化，pandas是基于NumPy的一种工具，该库提供了高效地操作大型数据集所需的工具。而这四个库都需要我们进行单独安装，Python自身并不具备这些库。

        一般的Python数据分析教程并不直接在Python shell中运行代码，而是选择了IPython，IPython 是一个 python 的交互式 shell，比传统的Python shell 好用得多，支持变量自动补全，自动缩进，支持 bash shell 命令，内置了许多很有用的功能和函数。总而言之，IPython就是各种方便，各种好用！让你自从用了IPython就会嫌弃用Python，就像用了RStudio就不再想用R GUI。

        而IPyhon的安装较为麻烦和复杂，一般人很难安装成功，幸好有大神将科学计算所需要的模块以及IPython打包供用户使用，Anaconda就是其中较好的一个。简言之，安装了Anaconda，你就安装了Python+NumPy+SciPy+Matplotlib+IPython+IPython Notebook。所以，我们仅仅安装Anaconda就可以了！

        Anaconda的下载地址：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/

        Anaconda的资源包下载地址：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/

2、anaconda的使用

        Anaconda的使用IDE常用的有5种：python、ipython、spyder、ipython qtconsole和ipython notebook。

1) spyder

       

Editor

---

A powerful editor is a central piece of any good IDE. Spyder's editor has: Syntax coloring for Python, C/C++ and Fortran files Powerful dynamic code introspection features (powered by rope): Code completion and calltips Go to an object definition with a mouse click Class and function browser. Occurrence highlighting. To-do lists (TODO, FIXME, XXX). Get errors and warnings on the fly (provided by pyflakes) Breakpoints and conditional breakpoints to use with the python debugger (pdb). Learn More

Console

---

To easily interact with your code as you progress, Spyder lets you Open as many Python and Ipython consoles as you want Run a whole script. or any portion of it from the Editor Have code completion and automatic link to documentation through the Object Inspector Execute all consoles in a separate process so they don't block the application Learn More

Variable Explorer

---

With the Variable Explorer you can browse and analyze all the results your code is producing, and also Edit variables with Spyder's Array Editor, which has support for a lot of data types (numbers, strings, lists, arrays, dictionaries)