牛客网项目16：统一处理异常

1. 大体思路

2. 返回错误页面

在 HomeController 中添加方法：

    //返回错误页面
    @RequestMapping(path = "/error", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getErrorPage(){
        return "/error/500";
    }

3. 异常处理类

在controller包下新建包：advice，在里面新建：ExceptionAdvice

package com.nowcoder.mycommunity.controller.advice;

import com.nowcoder.mycommunity.util.CommunityUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

//不用在任何一个Controllers上添加代码，即可处理异常

//只扫描带 Controller 注解的组件
@ControllerAdvice(annotations = Controller.class)
public class ExceptionAdvice {
    private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionAdvice.class);

    @ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
    public void handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        logger.error("服务器异常"+e.getMessage());
        for (StackTraceElement element:e.getStackTrace()) {
            logger.error(element.toString());
        }
        //判断请求的类型，普通请求、异步请求（返回的为JSON）
        String xRequestedWith = request.getHeader("x-requested-with");
        if ("XMLHttpRequest".equals(xRequestedWith)){
            //说明这是一个要求json的请求
            response.setContentType("application/plain;charset=utf-8");
            PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
            writer.write(CommunityUtil.getJSONString(1,"服务器异常"));
        }else {
            //普通请求：重定向到错误页面
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/error");
        }
    }
}