SwiftUI之存储方案选择

研究应用场景

根据不同应用场景选择
1、如果不需要持久化存储，那么单例模式就是最优选择
可以参考下面例子
SwiftUI数据如何在App中的不同视图和类直接调用

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2、需要持久化，但不会SQL
建议使用xcode自带的CoreData，优势是原生，不用写SQL语句就可以实现数据的增删改查。可以参考下面例子：

• SwiftUI数据存储之做个笔记App 新增与查询(CoreData)
• SwiftUI进阶之存储用户状态实现登录与登出

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3、需要高性能的查询
SwiftUI 数据之List显示Sqlite数据库内容（2020年教程）

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数据存储方案 CoreData vs Sqlite

1、用CoreData理想的模式

class Member {
    var name = ""
    var type = ""
    
    init(){
      
    }
    init(user: User) {
        self.name = user.name!
        self.type = user.type!
    }
    
}

理想的调用方式

Text("欢迎用户：\(self.uMgr.currentUser.name)")
 Text("\(self.uMgr.currentUser.type)")

2、用Sqlite的理想模式

• SwiftUI 数据之List显示Sqlite数据库内容（2020年教程）

class SQLandmark: SQLTable {
    var id = -1
    var name = ""
    var imageName = ""
    
    override var description:String {
        return "id: \(id), name: \(name)"
    }
   
    static func customTables() ->String {
        return "landmark"
    }
   
}

更优雅简单的调用方式

let sqLandmarkData: [SQLandmark] = SQLandmark.rows(order:"id ASC")

CoreData 和 Sqlite工具区别

1、CoreData 使用Xcode即可

image.png

2、Sqlite建议使用Navicat

image.png

CoreData增删改查模式

1、获取数据

  let appDelegate = UIApplication.shared.delegate as? AppDelegate
    managedContext = appDelegate?.persistentContainer.viewContext

    insertSampleData()

    let request: NSFetchRequest<BowTie> = BowTie.fetchRequest()
    let firstTitle = segmentedControl.titleForSegment(at: 0)!
    request.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "%K = %@", argumentArray: [#keyPath(BowTie.searchKey), firstTitle])

    do {
      let results = try managedContext.fetch(request)
      currentBowTie = results.first

      populate(bowtie: results.first!)
    } catch let error as NSError {
      print("Could not fetch \(error), \(error.userInfo)")
    }

2、插入数据

func insertSampleData() {

    let fetch: NSFetchRequest<BowTie> = BowTie.fetchRequest()
    fetch.predicate = NSPredicate(format: "searchKey != nil")

    let count = try! managedContext.count(for: fetch)

    if count > 0 {
      // SampleData.plist data already in Core Data
      return
    }
    let path = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "SampleData", ofType: "plist")
    let dataArray = NSArray(contentsOfFile: path!)!

    for dict in dataArray {
      let entity = NSEntityDescription.entity(forEntityName: "BowTie", in: managedContext)!
      let bowtie = BowTie(entity: entity, insertInto: managedContext)
      let btDict = dict as! [String: Any]

      bowtie.id = UUID(uuidString: btDict["id"] as! String)
      bowtie.name = btDict["name"] as? String
      bowtie.searchKey = btDict["searchKey"] as? String
      bowtie.rating = btDict["rating"] as! Double
      let colorDict = btDict["tintColor"] as! [String: Any]
      bowtie.tintColor = UIColor.color(dict: colorDict)

      let imageName = btDict["imageName"] as? String
      let image = UIImage(named: imageName!)
      bowtie.photoData = image?.pngData()
      bowtie.lastWorn = btDict["lastWorn"] as? Date

      let timesNumber = btDict["timesWorn"] as! NSNumber
      bowtie.timesWorn = timesNumber.int32Value
      bowtie.isFavorite = btDict["isFavorite"] as! Bool
      bowtie.url = URL(string: btDict["url"] as! String)
    }
    try! managedContext.save()
  }

3、更新数据

 func update(rating: String?) {

    guard let ratingString = rating,
      let rating = Double(ratingString) else {
        return
    }

    do {

      currentBowTie.rating = rating
      try managedContext.save()
      populate(bowtie: currentBowTie)

    } catch let error as NSError {

      if error.domain == NSCocoaErrorDomain &&
        (error.code == NSValidationNumberTooLargeError || error.code == NSValidationNumberTooSmallError) {
        rate(rateButton)
      } else {
        print("Could not save \(error), \(error.userInfo)")
      }
    }
  }

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