第一步:创建javaweb项目
第二步:导入必要的IOC包,这儿有五个
“commons-logging.jar”
“spring-beans-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar”
“spring-context-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar”
“spring-core-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar”
“spring-expression-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar”
第三步:导入spring配置文件,我这儿是applicationContext.xml,
<!-- 开启IOC组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.zxy"/>
第四步:创建并且声明bean
@Component("computer")
public class Computer implements Serializable{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}
创建Programmer类,并使用@Component注解将其声明到容器中,然后使用@Autowired注解在构造器上将Computer注入进来,代码如下:
构造器方式注入bean
@Component
public class Programer implements Serializable{
private Computer computer;
@Autowired
public Programer(@Qualifier("computer")Computer computer){
this.computer = computer;
}
public Computer getComputer() {
return computer;
}
public void setComputer(Computer computer) {
this.computer = computer;
}
}
setter方式注入bean
@Component
public class Teacher implements Serializable {
private Computer computer;
@Autowired
public void setComputer(@Qualifier("computer") Computer computer) {
this.computer = computer;
System.out.println("Computer");
}
public Computer getComputer() {
return computer;
}
}
属性加注解注入bean
@Component
public class Student implements Serializable {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("computer")
private Computer computer;
public Computer getComputer() {
return computer;
}
public void setComputer(Computer computer) {
this.computer = computer;
System.out.println("Computer");
}
}
第五步:写测试代码(注意这个就需要导入Junit 4的包)对应的测试代码
@Test
public void test4() {
String conf = "applicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(conf);
Programer prog = ctx.getBean("programer", Programer.class);
System.out.println(prog);
System.out.println(prog.getComputer());
}
@Test
public void test5() {
String conf = "applicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(conf);
Teacher teacher = ctx.getBean("teacher", Teacher.class);
System.out.println(teacher);
System.out.println(teacher.getComputer());
}
@Test
public void test6() {
String conf = "applicationContext.xml";
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(conf);
Student student = ctx.getBean("student", Student.class);
System.out.println(student);
System.out.println(student.getComputer());
}
第六步:测试结果:
com.zxy.bean.Programer@72e8a021
com.zxy.bean.Computer@6691177
这儿详细说明注解的意义:
@Autowired是概述Spring要将数据注入进来
@Qualifier是告诉Spring要注入的bean的ID,如果要注入的bean是单例的,@Qualifier可以省略,届时Spring会类型自动找到这个单例的bean,大部分的bean是单例的,所以@Qualifier往往是省略的