Animation之tween动画

从View的startAnimation来看动画执行流程；

  /**
     * Start the specified animation now.
     *
     * @param animation the animation to start now
     */
    public void startAnimation(Animation animation) {
        animation.setStartTime(Animation.START_ON_FIRST_FRAME);
        setAnimation(animation);
        //更改父view去刷新缓存的标志位；
       invalidateParentCaches();
        //触发重新绘制事件；
       invalidate(true);
    }

  /**
     * Used to indicate that the parent of this view should clear its caches. This functionality
     * is used to force the parent to rebuild its display list (when hardware-accelerated),
     * which is necessary when various parent-managed properties of the view change, such as
     * alpha, translationX/Y, scrollX/Y, scaleX/Y, and rotation/X/Y. This method only
     * clears the parent caches and does not causes an invalidate event.
     *
     * @hide
     */
     
      //英文已经说的很清楚了，这个是指示父view清除缓存；
      protected void invalidateParentCaches() {
        if (mParent instanceof View) {
            ((View) mParent).mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
        }
    }
继续看刷新方法；
   /**
     * This is where the invalidate() work actually happens. A full invalidate()
     * causes the drawing cache to be invalidated, but this function can be
     * called with invalidateCache set to false to skip that invalidation step
     * for cases that do not need it (for example, a component that remains at
     * the same dimensions with the same content).
     *
     * @param invalidateCache Whether the drawing cache for this view should be
     *            invalidated as well. This is usually true for a full
     *            invalidate, but may be set to false if the View's contents or
     *            dimensions have not changed.
     */
     //invalidateCache是false的时候， View的内容，大小没有改变的时候；
      void invalidate(boolean invalidateCache) {
        invalidateInternal(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop, invalidateCache, true);
    }

    void invalidateInternal(int l, int t, int r, int b, boolean invalidateCache,
            boolean fullInvalidate) {
        if (mGhostView != null) {
            mGhostView.invalidate(true);
            return;
        }
        //跳过刷新并且返回；这个是View不可见并且没有动画发生的时候；
        if (skipInvalidate()) {
            return;
        }
         //这个是要执行刷新的主要代码；
        if ((mPrivateFlags & (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)) == (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)
                || (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID)
                || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != PFLAG_INVALIDATED
                || (fullInvalidate && isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque)) {
            if (fullInvalidate) {
                mLastIsOpaque = isOpaque();
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWN;
            }

            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DIRTY;
             
            if (invalidateCache) {
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
            }

            // Propagate the damage rectangle to the parent view.
            //翻译过来是把要修改的矩形区域传递给父view;
           final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
            final ViewParent p = mParent;
            if (p != null && ai != null && l < r && t < b) {
                final Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
                damage.set(l, t, r, b);
                //父亲刷新子view的方法；跳转到它去看；
               p.invalidateChild(this, damage);
            }

            // Damage the entire projection receiver, if necessary.
            if (mBackground != null && mBackground.isProjected()) {
                final View receiver = getProjectionReceiver();
                if (receiver != null) {
                    receiver.damageInParent();
                }
            }

            // Damage the entire IsolatedZVolume receiving this view's shadow.
            if (isHardwareAccelerated() && getZ() != 0) {
                damageShadowReceiver();
            }
        }
    }
ViewGroup中：

    /**
     * Don't call or override this method. It is used for the implementation of
     * the view hierarchy.
     */
     
   public final void invalidateChild(View child, final Rect dirty) {
        ViewParent parent = this;

        final AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo;
        if (attachInfo != null) {
            // If the child is drawing an animation, we want to copy this flag onto
            // ourselves and the parent to make sure the invalidate request goes
            // through
           //翻译过来就是： 如果孩子有动画，就要把孩子的标志复制过来； 父亲确保刷新请求通过；
            final boolean drawAnimation = (child.mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION)
                    == PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION;

            // Check whether the child that requests the invalidate is fully opaque
            // Views being animated or transformed are not considered opaque because we may
            // be invalidating their old position and need the parent to paint behind them.
            Matrix childMatrix = child.getMatrix();
            final boolean isOpaque = child.isOpaque() && !drawAnimation &&
                    child.getAnimation() == null && childMatrix.isIdentity();
            // Mark the child as dirty, using the appropriate flag
            // Make sure we do not set both flags at the same time
            //设置正确的标志：只是dirty区域或者 dirty+opaue;
           int opaqueFlag = isOpaque ? PFLAG_DIRTY_OPAQUE : PFLAG_DIRTY;

            if (child.mLayerType != LAYER_TYPE_NONE) {
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
            }

            final int[] location = attachInfo.mInvalidateChildLocation;
            location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = child.mLeft;
            location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = child.mTop;
            //确定需要重新绘制的区域；
           if (!childMatrix.isIdentity() ||
                    (mGroupFlags & ViewGroup.FLAG_SUPPORT_STATIC_TRANSFORMATIONS) != 0) {
                RectF boundingRect = attachInfo.mTmpTransformRect;
                boundingRect.set(dirty);
                Matrix transformMatrix;
                if ((mGroupFlags & ViewGroup.FLAG_SUPPORT_STATIC_TRANSFORMATIONS) != 0) {
                    Transformation t = attachInfo.mTmpTransformation;
                    boolean transformed = getChildStaticTransformation(child, t);
                    if (transformed) {
                        transformMatrix = attachInfo.mTmpMatrix;
                        transformMatrix.set(t.getMatrix());
                        if (!childMatrix.isIdentity()) {
                            transformMatrix.preConcat(childMatrix);
                        }
                    } else {
                        transformMatrix = childMatrix;
                    }
                } else {
                    transformMatrix = childMatrix;
                }
                transformMatrix.mapRect(boundingRect);
                dirty.set((int) (boundingRect.left - 0.5f),
                        (int) (boundingRect.top - 0.5f),
                        (int) (boundingRect.right + 0.5f),
                        (int) (boundingRect.bottom + 0.5f));
            }
            //这个是一个循环语句；主要作用是一直循环到ViewRootImpl，用它刷新dirty区域；
            do {
                View view = null;
                if (parent instanceof View) {
                    view = (View) parent;
                }

                if (drawAnimation) {
                    if (view != null) {
                        view.mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION;
                    } else if (parent instanceof ViewRootImpl) {
                        ((ViewRootImpl) parent).mIsAnimating = true;
                    }
                }

                // If the parent is dirty opaque or not dirty, mark it dirty with the opaque
                // flag coming from the child that initiated the invalidate
                if (view != null) {
                    if ((view.mViewFlags & FADING_EDGE_MASK) != 0 &&
                            view.getSolidColor() == 0) {
                        opaqueFlag = PFLAG_DIRTY;
                    }
                    if ((view.mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) != PFLAG_DIRTY) {
                        view.mPrivateFlags = (view.mPrivateFlags & ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) | opaqueFlag;
                    }
                }
               // 作用是返回父view，并且确定脏区域； 跳转到它看具体代码； 然后看<pre name="code" class="java">               //   ViewRootImpl中的这个方法的调用；应该如何执行；
                parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);                if (view != null) {                    // Account for transform on current parent                    Matrix m = view.getMatrix();                    if (!m.isIdentity()) {                        RectF boundingRect = attachInfo.mTmpTransformRect;                        boundingRect.set(dirty);                        m.mapRect(boundingRect);                        dirty.set((int) (boundingRect.left - 0.5f),                                (int) (boundingRect.top - 0.5f),                                (int) (boundingRect.right + 0.5f),                                (int) (boundingRect.bottom + 0.5f));                    }                }            } while (parent != null);        }    }

    /**
     * Don't call or override this method. It is used for the implementation of
     * the view hierarchy.
     *
     * This implementation returns null if this ViewGroup does not have a parent,
     * if this ViewGroup is already fully invalidated or if the dirty rectangle
     * does not intersect with this ViewGroup's bounds.
     */
    //解释： 如果ViewGroup没有父亲或者ViewGroup是已经全部刷新过了或者脏区域与当前ViewGroup范围没有交集，就会返回空；

   public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(final int[] location, final Rect dirty) {
        if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWN) == PFLAG_DRAWN ||
                (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) {
            if ((mGroupFlags & (FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) !=
                        FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {
               
                //孩子的脏区域需要偏移到相对于父view的坐标区域；它是 孩子的mLeft+滚动的距离
                dirty.offset(location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] - mScrollX,
                        location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] - mScrollY);
                //如果不是只刷新孩子区域，则脏区域扩展到当前view; 默认是只刷新孩子区域的；
               if ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) == 0) {
                    dirty.union(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
                }

                final int left = mLeft;
                final int top = mTop;

                if ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) == FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) {
                    if (!dirty.intersect(0, 0, mRight - left, mBottom - top)) {
                        dirty.setEmpty();
                    }
                }
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                //当前位置变换成当前的ViewGroup的left,top, 因为循环后，当前View变成了孩子；
                location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = left;
                location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = top;

                if (mLayerType != LAYER_TYPE_NONE) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                }

                return mParent;

            } else {
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWN & ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;

                location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = mLeft;
                location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = mTop;
                if ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) == FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) {
                    dirty.set(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
                } else {
                    // in case the dirty rect extends outside the bounds of this container
                    dirty.union(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
                }

                if (mLayerType != LAYER_TYPE_NONE) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                }

                return mParent;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }
ViewRootImpl:

  @Override
    public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(int[] location, Rect dirty) {
        checkThread();
        if (DEBUG_DRAW) Log.v(TAG, "Invalidate child: " + dirty);

        if (dirty == null) {
            invalidate();
            return null;
        } else if (dirty.isEmpty() && !mIsAnimating) {
            return null;
        }

        if (mCurScrollY != 0 || mTranslator != null) {
            mTempRect.set(dirty);
            dirty = mTempRect;
            if (mCurScrollY != 0) {
                dirty.offset(0, -mCurScrollY);
            }
            if (mTranslator != null) {
                mTranslator.translateRectInAppWindowToScreen(dirty);
            }
            if (mAttachInfo.mScalingRequired) {
                dirty.inset(-1, -1);
            }
        }

        invalidateRectOnScreen(dirty);

        return null;
    }
把需要绘制的区域传递给了 invalidateRectOnScreen方法；

 private void invalidateRectOnScreen(Rect dirty) {
        final Rect localDirty = mDirty;
        if (!localDirty.isEmpty() && !localDirty.contains(dirty)) {
            mAttachInfo.mSetIgnoreDirtyState = true;
            mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState = true;
        }

        // Add the new dirty rect to the current one
         //这个是把本地脏区域与dirty取并集，使新区域包含这两个区域；
        localDirty.union(dirty.left, dirty.top, dirty.right, dirty.bottom);
        // Intersect with the bounds of the window to skip
        // updates that lie outside of the visible region
        final float appScale = mAttachInfo.mApplicationScale;
        final boolean intersected = localDirty.intersect(0, 0,
                (int) (mWidth * appScale + 0.5f), (int) (mHeight * appScale + 0.5f));
        if (!intersected) {
            localDirty.setEmpty();
        }
        //不是立即绘制，并且 区域有交集或者有动画的话，交给下面方法绘制；
       if (!mWillDrawSoon && (intersected || mIsAnimating)) {
            scheduleTraversals();
        }
    }