求若干字符的排列，不能包含相同字符

import java.util.HashSet;

public class CharsToStrings {

	public static void generateString(char[] charArray) {

	}
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		char[] charArray = new char[]{'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'};
		StringBuffer strBuf = new StringBuffer(3);
		int number = 0;

		// 循环方式
		for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
			strBuf.delete(0, strBuf.length());
			strBuf.append(charArray[i]);
			for (int j = 0; j < charArray.length; j++) {
				if (j == i)
					continue;
				strBuf.delete(1, strBuf.length());
				strBuf.append(charArray[j]);
				for (int k = 0; k < charArray.length; k++) {
					if (k == j || k == i)
						continue;
					strBuf.delete(2, strBuf.length());
					strBuf.append(charArray[k]);
					for (int p = 0; p < charArray.length; p++) {
						if (p == k || p == j || p == i)
							continue;
						strBuf.delete(3, strBuf.length());
						strBuf.append(charArray[p]);
						System.out.println(strBuf.toString());
						number++;
					}

				}
			}
		}
		System.out
				.println(number
						+ "\n---------------------------------------------------------------------");
		// 数学计数方式
		number = 0;
		long count = 1;
		for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
			count *= charArray.length;
		}
		StringBuffer charBuf = new StringBuffer(3);
		HashSet<Integer> remainderSet = new HashSet<Integer>(3);
		// System.out.println(count);
		for (long i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			charBuf.delete(0, charBuf.length());
			remainderSet.clear();
			long dividend = i;
			int n = charArray.length;
			while (n-- >= 0) {
				int remainder = (int) (dividend % charArray.length);
				if (remainderSet.contains(remainder)) {
					break;
				} else {
					remainderSet.add(remainder);
					charBuf.append(charArray[remainder]);
					dividend /= charArray.length;
				}
			}
			if (n < 0) {
				charBuf.reverse();
				System.out.println(i + ": " + charBuf.toString());
				number++;
			}

		}
		System.out
				.println(number
						+ "\n---------------------------------------------------------------------");

	}
}

输出：
abcd
abdc
acbd
acdb
adbc
adcb
bacd
badc
bcad
bcda
bdac
bdca
cabd
cadb
cbad
cbda
cdab
cdba
dabc
dacb
dbac
dbca
dcab
dcba
24
---------------------------------------------------------------------
27: abcd
30: abdc
39: acbd
45: acdb
54: adbc
57: adcb
75: bacd
78: badc
99: bcad
108: bcda
114: bdac
120: bdca
135: cabd
141: cadb
147: cbad
156: cbda
177: cdab
180: cdba
198: dabc
201: dacb
210: dbac
216: dbca
225: dcab
228: dcba
24
---------------------------------------------------------------------