嵌入式操作系统内核原理和开发（多线程轮转）

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之前我们也谈到了线程创建，基本上简单的系统就可以跑起来了，但是还没有到多线程运行的地步。所以，我们下面试图所要做的工作就是创建更多的线程，让更多的线程运行起来。为了做好这一点，首先我们需要对task_init重新修整一下，

void task_init(int index, UINT32 data[], int size, void (*func)())
{
        UINT32 unit = size;

        memset((void*)data, 0, size * sizeof(UINT32));
        data[unit -1] = (UINT32) func;
        data[unit -2] = 0;
        data[unit -3] = 0;
        data[unit -4] = 0;
        data[unit -5] = 0;
        data[unit -6] = 0;
        data[unit -7] = 0;
        data[unit -8] = 0;
        data[unit -9] = 0;
        data[unit -10] = (UINT32) &data[unit - 9];
        new[index] = (UINT32) &data[unit -10];
}

这是一个创建线程的函数，有堆栈、大小、函数入口。那么，我们的函数什么时候创建呢，其实就是在系统的开始位置就可以，

void set_all_task()
{
        int index;

        for(index = 0; index < THREAD_MAX_NUMBER; index ++)
            task_init(index, task_stack[index], STACK_LENGTH, hello);
}

既然任务创建没有问题，那么下面就会涉及到简单轮转的问题。其实我们的方法特别简单，就是根据current_thread_id叠加，每一个thread都有自己的运转机会。代码如下所示，

void signal_handler(int m)
{
        current_thread_id = current_thread_id % THREAD_MAX_NUMBER;

        if(0 == quit[current_thread_id])
        {
            swap(&old, &new[current_thread_id]);
        }

        printf("count = %d in main!\n\n",  count ++);
        current_thread_id ++;
}

当然，为了要实现真正的多线程运行，我们还要保证线程始终在运行。要达到这一点也不是很复杂，只需要把子函数设计为while（1）即可，

void hello()
{
	    while(1) {
            printf("id = %i, count = %d in thread!\n",current_thread_id,  count ++);
            swap(&new[current_thread_id], &old);

            printf("id = %i, count = %d in thread!\n",current_thread_id,  count ++);
            swap(&new[current_thread_id], &old);
        }
}

基本上要做到以上几点就可以实现了，最后给出完整的代码，大家可以在linux系统好好试试这个代码。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#define UINT32 unsigned   int
#define STACK_LENGTH      512
#define THREAD_MAX_NUMBER 10

struct itimerval oldtv;
UINT32 old   = 0;
UINT32 count = 0;
UINT32 task_stack[THREAD_MAX_NUMBER][STACK_LENGTH] = {0};
UINT32 new[THREAD_MAX_NUMBER]  = {0};
UINT32 quit[THREAD_MAX_NUMBER] = {0};
UINT32 current_thread_id = 0;

void set_timer()
{
        struct itimerval itv;
        itv.it_interval.tv_sec = 1;
        itv.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
        itv.it_value.tv_sec = 1;
        itv.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
        setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, &oldtv);
}

void swap(UINT32* prev, UINT32* next)
{
    __asm("push %%eax\n\t"
          "push %%ebx\n\t"
          "push %%ecx\n\t"
          "push %%edx\n\t"
          "push %%esi\n\t"
          "push %%edi\n\t"
          "push %%ebp\n\t"
          "push %%esp\n\t"
          "lea 0x8(%%ebp), %%eax\n\t"
          "mov (%%eax), %%eax\n\t"
          "mov %%esp, (%%eax)\n\t"

          "lea 0xc(%%ebp), %%eax\n\t"
          "mov (%%eax), %%eax\n\t"
          "mov (%%eax), %%esp\n\t"
          "pop %%esp\n\t"
          "pop %%ebp\n\t"
          "pop %%edi\n\t"
          "pop %%esi\n\t"
          "pop %%edx\n\t"
          "pop %%ecx\n\t"
          "pop %%ebx\n\t"
          "pop %%eax\n\t"
          ::);
}

void hello()
{
	    while(1) {
            printf("id = %i, count = %d in thread!\n",current_thread_id,  count ++);
            swap(&new[current_thread_id], &old);

            printf("id = %i, count = %d in thread!\n",current_thread_id,  count ++);
            swap(&new[current_thread_id], &old);
        }
}

void task_init(int index, UINT32 data[], int size, void (*func)())
{
        UINT32 unit = size;

        memset((void*)data, 0, size * sizeof(UINT32));
        data[unit -1] = (UINT32) func;
        data[unit -2] = 0;
        data[unit -3] = 0;
        data[unit -4] = 0;
        data[unit -5] = 0;
        data[unit -6] = 0;
        data[unit -7] = 0;
        data[unit -8] = 0;
        data[unit -9] = 0;
        data[unit -10] = (UINT32) &data[unit - 9];
        new[index] = (UINT32) &data[unit -10];
}

void signal_handler(int m)
{
        current_thread_id = current_thread_id % THREAD_MAX_NUMBER;

        if(0 == quit[current_thread_id])
        {
            swap(&old, &new[current_thread_id]);
        }

        printf("count = %d in main!\n\n",  count ++);
        current_thread_id ++;
}

void set_all_task()
{
        int index;

        for(index = 0; index < THREAD_MAX_NUMBER; index ++)
            task_init(index, task_stack[index], STACK_LENGTH, hello);
}

int main()
{
        char val;

        set_all_task();
        set_timer();
        signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler);

        while(1)
        {
            scanf("%c", &val);
        }

        exit(0);
        return 1;
}