C0 and C1 control codes（传输协议中常见的控制位）

转自：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0_and_C1_control_codes

C0 (ASCII and derivatives)

These are the standard ASCII control codes. If using theISO/IEC 2022extension mechanism, they are designated as the active C0 control character set with the octet sequence0x1B 0x21 0x40(ESC!@).

Seq	Dec	Hex	Acro	Symb	Name	C	Description
^@	00	00	NUL	␀	Null	\0	Originally used to allow gaps to be left on paper tape for edits. Later used for padding after a code that might take a terminal some time to process (e.g. a carriage return or line feed on a printing terminal). Now often used as a string terminator, especially in theC programming language.
^A	01	01	SOH	␁	Start of Heading		First character of a message header.
^B	02	02	STX	␂	Start of text		First character of message text, and may be used to terminate the message heading.
^C	03	03	ETX	␃	End of Text		Often used as a "break" character (Ctrl-C) to interrupt or terminate a program or process.
^D	04	04	EOT	␄	End of Transmission		Used onUnixto signal end-of-file condition on, or to logout from a terminal.
^E	05	05	ENQ	␅	Enquiry		Signal intended to trigger a response at the receiving end, to see if it is still present.
^F	06	06	ACK	␆	Acknowledge		Response to an ENQ, or an indication of successful receipt of a message.
^G	07	07	BEL	␇	Bell	\a	Originally used to sound abellon the terminal. Later used for a beep on systems that didn't have a physical bell. May also quickly turn on and offinverse video(avisual bell).
^H	08	08	BS	␈	Backspace	\b	Move the cursor one position leftwards. On input, this may delete the character to the left of the cursor. On output, where in early computer technology a character once printed could not be erased, the backspace was sometimes used to generate accented characters in ASCII. For example,àcould be produced using the three character sequencea BS `(0x61 0x08 0x60). This usage is now deprecated and generally not supported. To provide disambiguation between the two potential uses of backspace, thecancel charactercontrol code was made part of the standard C1 control set.
^I	09	09	HT	␉	Character Tabulation,Horizontal Tabulation	\t	Position to the next charactertab stop.
^J	10	0A	LF	␊	Line Feed	\n	Ontypewriters,printers, and some terminal emulators, moves the cursor down one row without affecting its column position. On Unix, used to markend-of-line. InMS-DOS,Windows, and various network standards, LF is used following CR as part of the end-of-line mark.
^K	11	0B	VT	␋	Line Tabulation,Vertical Tabulation	\v	Position the form at the next line tab stop.
^L	12	0C	FF	␌	Form Feed	\f	On printers, load the next page. Treated as whitespace in many programming languages, and may be used to separate logical divisions in code. In some terminal emulators, it clears the screen.
^M	13	0D	CR	␍	Carriage Return	\r	Originally used to move the cursor to column zero while staying on the same line. OnMac OS(pre-Mac OS X), as well as in earlier systems such as theApple IIandCommodore 64, used to markend-of-line. InMS-DOS,Windows, and various network standards, it is used preceding LF as part of the end-of-line mark. The Enter orReturn keyon a keyboard will send this character, but it may be converted to a different end-of-line sequence by a terminal program.
^N	14	0E	SO	␎	Shift Out		Switch to an alternate character set.
^O	15	0F	SI	␏	Shift In		Return to regular character set after Shift Out.
^P	16	10	DLE	␐	Data Link Escape		Cause the following octets to be interpreted as raw data, not as control codes or graphic characters. Returning to normal usage would be implementation dependent.
^Q	17	11	DC1	␑	Device ControlOne (XON)		These four control codes are reserved for device control, with the interpretation dependent upon the device they were connected. DC1 and DC2 were intended primarily to indicate activating a device while DC3 and DC4 were intended primarily to indicate pausing or turning off a device. In actual practice DC1 and DC3 (known also as XON and XOFF respectively in this usage) quickly became the de facto standard for softwareflow control.
^R	18	12	DC2	␒	Device Control Two
^S	19	13	DC3	␓	Device Control Three (XOFF)
^T	20	14	DC4	␔	Device Control Four
^U	21	15	NAK	␕	Negative Acknowledge		Sent by a station as a negative response to the station with which the connection has been set up. In binary synchronous communication protocol, the NAK is used to indicate that an error was detected in the previously received block and that the receiver is ready to accept retransmission of that block. In multipoint systems, the NAK is used as the not-ready reply to a poll.
^V	22	16	SYN	␖	Synchronous Idle		Used in synchronous transmission systems to provide a signal from which synchronous correction may be achieved between data terminal equipment, particularly when no other character is being transmitted.
^W	23	17	ETB	␗	End of Transmission Block		Indicates the end of a transmission block of data when data are divided into such blocks for transmission purposes.
^X	24	18	CAN	␘	Cancel		Indicates that the data preceding it are in error or are to be disregarded.
^Y	25	19	EM	␙	End of medium		Intended as means of indicating on paper or magnetic tapes that the end of the usable portion of the tape had been reached.
^Z	26	1A	SUB	␚	Substitute		Originally intended for use as a transmission control character to indicate that garbled or invalid characters had been received. It has often been put to use for other purposes when thein-band signalingof errors it provides is unneeded, especially where robust methods oferror detection and correctionare used, or where errors are expected to be rare enough to make using the character for other purposes advisable.
^[	27	1B	ESC	␛	Escape		TheEsc keyon the keyboard will cause this character to be sent on most systems. It can be used in software user interfaces to exit from a screen, menu, or mode, or in device-control protocols (e.g., printers and terminals) to signal that what follows is a special command sequence rather than normal text. In systems based onISO/IEC 2022, even if another set of C0 control codes are used, this octet is required to always represent the escape character.
^\	28	1C	FS	␜	File Separator		Can be used as delimiters to mark fields of data structures. If used for hierarchical levels, US is the lowest level (dividing plain-text data items), while RS, GS, and FS are of increasing level to divide groups made up of items of the level beneath it.
^]	29	1D	GS	␝	Group separator
^^	30	1E	RS	␞	Record Separator
^_	31	1F	US	␟	Unit separator
While not technically part of the C0 control character range, the following two characters are defined inISO/IEC 2022as always being available regardless of which sets of control characters and graphics characters have been registered. They can be thought of as having some characteristics of control characters.
	32	20	SP	␠	Space		Space is a graphic character. It has a visual representation consisting of the absence of a graphic symbol. It causes the active position to be advanced by one character position. In some applications, Space can be considered a lowest-level "word separator" to be used with the adjacent separator characters.
^?	127	7F	DEL	␡	Delete		Not technically part of the C0 control character range, this was originally used to mark deleted characters on paper tape, since any character could be changed to all ones by punching holes everywhere. OnVT100compatible terminals, this is the character generated by the key labelled⌫, usually called backspace on modern machines, and does not correspond to the PCdelete key.

C1 set

These are the most common extended control codes. If using theISO/IEC 2022extension mechanism, they are designated as the active C1 control character set with the sequence0x1B 0x22 0x43(ESC " C). Individual control functions can be accessed with the 7-bit equivalents0x1B 0x40through0x1B 0x5F(ESC @throughESC _).

Esc+	Dec	Hex	Acro	Name	Description
@	128	80	PAD	Padding Character	Listed as XXX in Unicode. Not part ofISO/IEC 6429(ECMA-48).
A	129	81	HOP	High Octet Preset
B	130	82	BPH	Break Permitted Here	Follows a graphic character where a line break is permitted. Roughly equivalent to asoft hyphenexcept that the means for indicating a line break is not necessarily a hyphen. Not part of the first edition of ISO/IEC 6429.[1]
C	131	83	NBH	No Break Here	Follows the graphic character that is not to be broken. Not part of the first edition of ISO/IEC 6429.[1]
D	132	84	IND	Index	Move the active position one line down, to eliminate ambiguity about the meaning of LF. Deprecated in 1988 and withdrawn in 1992 from ISO/IEC 6429 (1986 and 1991 respectively for ECMA-48).
E	133	85	NEL	Next Line	Equivalent to CR+LF. Used to mark end-of-line on some IBM mainframes.
F	134	86	SSA	Start of Selected Area	Used byblock-oriented terminals.
G	135	87	ESA	End of Selected Area
H	136	88	HTS	Character Tabulation Set Horizontal Tabulation Set	Causes a character tabulation stop to be set at the active position.
I	137	89	HTJ	Character Tabulation With Justification Horizontal Tabulation With Justification	Similar to Character Tabulation, except that instead of spaces or lines being placed after the preceding characters until the next tab stop is reached, the spaces or lines are placed preceding the active field so that preceding graphic character is placed just before the next tab stop.
J	138	8A	VTS	Line Tabulation Set Vertical Tabulation Set	Causes a line tabulation stop to be set at the active position.
K	139	8B	PLD	Partial Line Forward Partial Line Down	Used to produce subscripts and superscripts inISO/IEC 6429, e.g., in a printer. Subscripts usePLDtextPLUwhile superscripts usePLUtextPLD..
L	140	8C	PLU	Partial Line Backward Partial Line Up
M	141	8D	RI	Reverse Line Feed Reverse Index
N	142	8E	SS2	Single-Shift 2	Next character invokes a graphic character from the G2 or G3 graphic sets respectively. In systems that conform toISO/IEC 4873(ECMA-43), even if a C1 set other than the default is used, these two octets may only be used for this purpose.
O	143	8F	SS3	Single-Shift 3
P	144	90	DCS	Device Control String	Followed by a string of printable characters (0x20 through 0x7E) and format effectors (0x08 through 0x0D), terminated by ST (0x9C).
Q	145	91	PU1	Private Use 1	Reserved for a function without standardized meaning for private use as required, subject to the prior agreement of the sender and the recipient of the data.
R	146	92	PU2	Private Use 2
S	147	93	STS	Set Transmit State
T	148	94	CCH	Cancel character	Destructive backspace, intended to eliminate ambiguity about meaning of BS.
U	149	95	MW	Message Waiting
V	150	96	SPA	Start of Protected Area	Used byblock-oriented terminals.
W	151	97	EPA	End of Protected Area
X	152	98	SOS	Start of String	Followed by a control string terminated by ST (0x9C) that may contain any character except SOS or ST. Not part of the first edition of ISO/IEC 6429.[1]
Y	153	99	SGCI	Single Graphic Character Introducer	Listed as XXX in Unicode. Not part of ISO/IEC 6429.
Z	154	9A	SCI	Single Character Introducer	To be followed by a single printable character (0x20 through 0x7E) or format effector (0x08 through 0x0D). The intent was to provide a means by which a control function or a graphic character that would be available regardless of which graphic or control sets were in use could be defined. Definitions of what the following byte would invoke was never implemented in an international standard. Not part of the first edition of ISO/IEC 6429.[1]
[	155	9B	CSI	Control Sequence Introducer	Used to introduce control sequences that take parameters.
\	156	9C	ST	String Terminator
]	157	9D	OSC	Operating System Command	Followed by a string of printable characters (0x20 through 0x7E) and format effectors (0x08 through 0x0D), terminated by ST (0x9C). These three control codes were intended for use to allow in-band signaling of protocol information, but are rarely used for that purpose.
^	158	9E	PM	Privacy Message
_	159	9F	APC	Application Program Command