方法说明:
/**
* Executes the given tasks, returning a list of Futures holding
* their status and results when all complete.
* {@link Future#isDone} is {@code true} for each
* element of the returned list.
* Note that a <em>completed</em> task could have
* terminated either normally or by throwing an exception.
* The results of this method are undefined if the given
* collection is modified while this operation is in progress.
*
* @param tasks the collection of tasks
* @param <T> the type of the values returned from the tasks
* @return a list of Futures representing the tasks, in the same
* sequential order as produced by the iterator for the
* given task list, each of which has completed
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting, in
* which case unfinished tasks are cancelled
* @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any of its elements are {@code null}
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if any task cannot be
* scheduled for execution
*/
<T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
throws InterruptedException;
运行结果可能出现的情况:
- 全部运行成功
- 部分运行失败,剩余任务被取消
玩具代码:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
//运行多个任务并处理所有结果
public class Result {
private String name;
private int value;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(int value) {
this.value = value;
}
public static class Task implements Callable<Result>{
private String name;
public Task(String name){
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public Result call() throws Exception {
System.out.printf("%s : Staring \n", this.name);
try{
long duration = (long)(Math.random()*10);
System.out.printf("%s:Waiting %d seconds for results . \n", this.name,duration);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(duration);
}catch(InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
int value = 0;
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
value += (int)(Math.random()*100);
}
Result result = new Result();
result.setName(name);
result.setValue(value);
System.out.println(this.name+": Ends");
return result;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executor =(ExecutorService)Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
List<Task> taskList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
Task task = new Task(Integer.toString(i));
taskList.add(task);
}
List<Future<Result>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
try {
//等待所有任务执行完成
executor.invokeAll(taskList);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
executor.shutdown();
System.out.printf("Main: Printing the results \n");
for(int i=0;i<resultList.size();i++){
Future<Result> future = resultList.get(i);
try{
Result result = future.get();
System.out.printf("%s : %s \n",result.getName(),result.getValue());
}catch(InterruptedException | ExecutionException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
AbstractExecutorService.invokeAll实现逻辑:
public <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
throws InterruptedException {
if (tasks == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
ArrayList<Future<T>> futures = new ArrayList<Future<T>>(tasks.size());
boolean done = false;
try {
for (Callable<T> t : tasks) {
RunnableFuture<T> f = newTaskFor(t);
futures.add(f);
execute(f);
}
for (int i = 0, size = futures.size(); i < size; i++) {
Future<T> f = futures.get(i);
if (!f.isDone()) {
try {
f.get();
} catch (CancellationException ignore) {
} catch (ExecutionException ignore) {
}
}
}
done = true;
return futures;
} finally {
if (!done)
for (int i = 0, size = futures.size(); i < size; i++)
futures.get(i).cancel(true);
}
}