这里有一个由Marsaglia首创Knuth推荐的方法:
#include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> double gaussrand() { static double V1, V2, S; static int phase = 0; double X; if ( phase == 0 ) { do { double U1 = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX; double U2 = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX; V1 = 2 * U1 – 1; V2 = 2 * U2 – 1; S = V1 * V1 + V2 * V2; } while(S >= 1 || S == 0); X = V1 * sqrt(-2 * log(S) / S); } else X = V2 * sqrt(-2 * log(S) / S); phase = 1 – phase; return X; }