installd分析

Installer是systemserver第一个创建的对象，代码位于

frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/pm/Installer.java）

创建Installer对象后用其ping函数，执行ping操作

 public boolean ping() {
        if (execute("ping") < 0) {
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
}

private int execute(String cmd) {
        String res = transaction(cmd);
        try {
            return Integer.parseInt(res);
        } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
            return -1;
        }
}

private synchronized String transaction(String cmd) {
        if (!connect()) { // 连接到installd
            Slog.e(TAG, "connection failed");
            return "-1";
        }

        if (!writeCommand(cmd)) { // 把ping命令和他的长度带过去
            /*
             * If installd died and restarted in the background (unlikely but
             * possible) we'll fail on the next write (this one). Try to
             * reconnect and write the command one more time before giving up.
             */
            Slog.e(TAG, "write command failed? reconnect!");
            if (!connect() || !writeCommand(cmd)) {
                return "-1";
            }
        }
        if (LOCAL_DEBUG) {
            Slog.i(TAG, "send: '" + cmd + "'");
        }
        if (readReply()) {
            String s = new String(buf, 0, buflen);
            if (LOCAL_DEBUG) {
                Slog.i(TAG, "recv: '" + s + "'");
            }
            return s;
        } else {
            if (LOCAL_DEBUG) {
                Slog.i(TAG, "fail");
            }
            return "-1";
        }
    }

private boolean connect() {
        if (mSocket != null) {
            return true;
        }
        Slog.i(TAG, "connecting...");
        try {
            mSocket = new LocalSocket();

            LocalSocketAddress address = new LocalSocketAddress("installd",
                    LocalSocketAddress.Namespace.RESERVED);

            mSocket.connect(address);

            mIn = mSocket.getInputStream();
            mOut = mSocket.getOutputStream();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            disconnect();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
}

 private boolean writeCommand(String _cmd) {
        byte[] cmd = _cmd.getBytes();
        int len = cmd.length;
        if ((len < 1) || (len > 1024))
            return false;
        buf[0] = (byte) (len & 0xff);
        buf[1] = (byte) ((len >> 8) & 0xff); // 写长度
        try {
            mOut.write(buf, 0, 2);
            mOut.write(cmd, 0, len);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "write error");
            disconnect();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

private boolean readReply() {
        int len;
        buflen = 0;
        if (!readBytes(buf, 2))
            return false;
        len = (((int) buf[0]) & 0xff) | ((((int) buf[1]) & 0xff) << 8); // 读长度
        if ((len < 1) || (len > 1024)) {
            Slog.e(TAG, "invalid reply length (" + len + ")");
            disconnect();
            return false;
        }
        if (!readBytes(buf, len)) // 读出内容
            return false;
        buflen = len;
        return true;
    }

private boolean readBytes(byte buffer[], int len) {
        int off = 0, count;
        if (len < 0)
            return false;
        while (off != len) {
            try {
                count = mIn.read(buffer, off, len - off);
                if (count <= 0) {
                    Slog.e(TAG, "read error " + count);
                    break;
                }
                off += count;
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                Slog.e(TAG, "read exception");
                break;
            }
        }
        if (LOCAL_DEBUG) {
            Slog.i(TAG, "read " + len + " bytes");
        }
        if (off == len)
            return true;
        disconnect();
        return false;
    }

从上面代码可以看出只是往installd发送了ping命令，而installd在init的时候就被启动

service installd /system/bin/installd  
 class main  
    socket installd stream 600 system system  

而installd的代码在（frameworks/native/cmds/installd/installd.c）

int main(const int argc, const char *argv[]) {
    char buf[BUFFER_MAX];
    struct sockaddr addr;
    socklen_t alen;
    int lsocket, s, count;

    ALOGI("installd firing up\n");

    if (initialize_globals() < 0) {// 变量初始化
        ALOGE("Could not initialize globals; exiting.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if (initialize_directories() < 0) { // 初始化创建一些目录
        ALOGE("Could not create directories; exiting.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    drop_privileges();

    lsocket = android_get_control_socket(SOCKET_PATH); // 获取installd socket
    if (lsocket < 0) {
        ALOGE("Failed to get socket from environment: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    if (listen(lsocket, 5)) { // 监听socket
        ALOGE("Listen on socket failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    fcntl(lsocket, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

    for (;;) {
        alen = sizeof(addr);
        s = accept(lsocket, &addr, &alen); // 接收客户端请求
        if (s < 0) {
            ALOGE("Accept failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
            continue;
        }
        fcntl(s, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);

        ALOGI("new connection\n");
        for (;;) {
            unsigned short count;
            if (readx(s, &count, sizeof(count))) { // 读取发送过来的buffer大小
                ALOGE("failed to read size\n");
                break;
            }
            if ((count < 1) || (count >= BUFFER_MAX)) {
                ALOGE("invalid size %d\n", count);
                break;
            }
            if (readx(s, buf, count)) { // 读取出bufer
                ALOGE("failed to read command\n");
                break;
            }
            buf[count] = 0;
            if (execute(s, buf)) break; // 执行命令
        }
        ALOGI("closing connection\n");
        close(s);
    }

    return 0;
}

nt initialize_globals() {
    //从环境变量中读取数据存储目录，在Android启动脚本init.rc中配置了ANDROID_DATA  //环境变量，export ANDROID_DATA /data ，因此变量android_data_dir=/data/
    if (get_path_from_env(&android_data_dir, "ANDROID_DATA") < 0) {
        return -1;
    }
    // 得到应用程序安装目录android_app_dir=/data/app/
    if (copy_and_append(&android_app_dir, &android_data_dir, APP_SUBDIR) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }
    //得到应用程序私有目录android_app_private_dir=/data/app-private/
    if (copy_and_append(&android_app_private_dir, &android_data_dir, PRIVATE_APP_SUBDIR) < 0) {
        return -1;
    }
    //从环境变量中取得sd-card ASEC的挂载点，在启动脚本init.rc中也有配置：export ASEC_MOUNTPOINT /mnt/asec  //因此android_asec_dir=/mnt/asec/
    if (get_path_from_env(&android_asec_dir, "ASEC_MOUNTPOINT") < 0) {
        return -1;
    }
    //定义android_system_dirs变量并分配存储空间
    android_system_dirs.count = 2;
    android_system_dirs.dirs = calloc(android_system_dirs.count, sizeof(dir_rec_t));
    if (android_system_dirs.dirs == NULL) {
        ALOGE("Couldn't allocate array for dirs; aborting\n");
        return -1;
    }  //从环境变量中取得android根目录，在启动脚本init.rc中也有配置：export ANDROID_ROOT /system
    // 因此android_system_dirs.dirs[0]=/system/
    if (get_path_from_env(&android_system_dirs.dirs[0], "ANDROID_ROOT") < 0) {
        free_globals();
        return -1;
    }
    //android_system_dirs.dirs[0]=/system/app/
    char *system_app_path = build_string2(android_system_dirs.dirs[0].path, APP_SUBDIR);
    android_system_dirs.dirs[0].path = system_app_path;
    android_system_dirs.dirs[0].len = strlen(system_app_path);
    android_app_preload_dir.path = "/system/preloadapp/";
    android_app_preload_dir.len = strlen(android_app_preload_dir.path);
    android_system_dirs.dirs[1].path = "/vendor/app/";
    android_system_dirs.dirs[1].len = strlen(android_system_dirs.dirs[1].path);
    return 0;
}

int initialize_directories() {
    // user_data_dir=/data/user
    char *user_data_dir = build_string2(android_data_dir.path, SECONDARY_USER_PREFIX);
    // legacy_data_dir=/data/data
    char *legacy_data_dir = build_string2(android_data_dir.path, PRIMARY_USER_PREFIX);
    // primary_data_dir=/data/user/0
    char *primary_data_dir = build_string3(android_data_dir.path, SECONDARY_USER_PREFIX,
            "0");
    int ret = -1;
    if (user_data_dir != NULL && primary_data_dir != NULL && legacy_data_dir != NULL) {
        ret = 0;
        //如果/data/user目录不存在，则创建该目录
        if (access(user_data_dir, R_OK) < 0) {
            if (mkdir(user_data_dir, 0711) < 0) {
                return -1;
            }      //修改目录权限及所有属性
            if (chown(user_data_dir, AID_SYSTEM, AID_SYSTEM) < 0) {
                return -1;
            }
            if (chmod(user_data_dir, 0711) < 0) {
                return -1;
            }
        }
        // Make the /data/user/0 symlink to /data/data if necessary
        if (access(primary_data_dir, R_OK) < 0) {
              ret = symlink(legacy_data_dir, primary_data_dir);
        }
        free(user_data_dir);
        free(legacy_data_dir);
        free(primary_data_dir);
    }
    return ret;
}

可以看到installd就是一个socket在监听并执行的过程，继续跟踪execute函数

static int execute(int s, char cmd[BUFFER_MAX])
{
    char reply[REPLY_MAX];
    char *arg[TOKEN_MAX+1];
    unsigned i;
    unsigned n = 0;
    unsigned short count;
    int ret = -1;

//    ALOGI("execute('%s')\n", cmd);

        /* default reply is "" */
    reply[0] = 0;

        /* n is number of args (not counting arg[0]) */
    arg[0] = cmd;
    while (*cmd) {
        if (isspace(*cmd)) {
            *cmd++ = 0;
            n++;
            arg[n] = cmd;
            if (n == TOKEN_MAX) {
                ALOGE("too many arguments\n");
                goto done;
            }
        }
        cmd++;
    }

    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cmds) / sizeof(cmds[0]); i++) {
        if (!strcmp(cmds[i].name,arg[0])) {
            if (n != cmds[i].numargs) {
                ALOGE("%s requires %d arguments (%d given)\n",
                     cmds[i].name, cmds[i].numargs, n);
            } else {
                ret = cmds[i].func(arg + 1, reply);
            }
            goto done;
        }
    }
    ALOGE("unsupported command '%s'\n", arg[0]);

done:
    if (reply[0]) {
        n = snprintf(cmd, BUFFER_MAX, "%d %s", ret, reply);
    } else {
        n = snprintf(cmd, BUFFER_MAX, "%d", ret);
    }
    if (n > BUFFER_MAX) n = BUFFER_MAX;
    count = n;

//    ALOGI("reply: '%s'\n", cmd);
    if (writex(s, &count, sizeof(count))) return -1;
    if (writex(s, cmd, count)) return -1;
    return 0;
}

可以看到执行了cmds的回调函数

struct cmdinfo cmds[] = {
    { "ping",                 0, do_ping },
    { "install",              4, do_install },
    { "dexopt",               3, do_dexopt },
    { "movedex",              2, do_move_dex },
    { "rmdex",                1, do_rm_dex },
    { "remove",               2, do_remove },
    { "rename",               2, do_rename },
    { "fixuid",               3, do_fixuid },
    { "freecache",            1, do_free_cache },
    { "rmcache",              2, do_rm_cache },
    { "getsize",              6, do_get_size },
    { "rmuserdata",           2, do_rm_user_data },
    { "movefiles",            0, do_movefiles },
    { "linklib",              3, do_linklib },
    { "mkuserdata",           3, do_mk_user_data },
    { "rmuser",               1, do_rm_user },
};

刚才我们在install执行了ping，那么他走的是doping

static int do_ping(char **arg, char reply[REPLY_MAX])
{
    return 0;
}

并返回了reply的个数和reply

 

我们再看看其他命令:

 

Install:

 

int install(const char *pkgname, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, const char *seinfo)
{
    char pkgdir[PKG_PATH_MAX];
    char libsymlink[PKG_PATH_MAX];
    char applibdir[PKG_PATH_MAX];
    struct stat libStat;

    if ((uid < AID_SYSTEM) || (gid < AID_SYSTEM)) {
        ALOGE("invalid uid/gid: %d %d\n", uid, gid);
        return -1;
    }

    if (create_pkg_path(pkgdir, pkgname, PKG_DIR_POSTFIX, 0)) { // 创建data/data/pkg
        ALOGE("cannot create package path\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if (create_pkg_path(libsymlink, pkgname, PKG_LIB_POSTFIX, 0)) {// 创建data/data/pkg//lib
        ALOGE("cannot create package lib symlink origin path\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if (create_pkg_path_in_dir(applibdir, &android_app_lib_dir, pkgname, PKG_DIR_POSTFIX)) {// /data/app_lib/pkg
        ALOGE("cannot create package lib symlink dest path\n");
        return -1;
    }
// 创建目录
    if (mkdir(pkgdir, 0751) < 0) { 
        ALOGE("cannot create dir '%s': %s\n", pkgdir, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    if (chmod(pkgdir, 0751) < 0) {
        ALOGE("cannot chmod dir '%s': %s\n", pkgdir, strerror(errno));
        unlink(pkgdir);
        return -1;
    }

    if (lstat(libsymlink, &libStat) < 0) { //获取一些文件相关的信息
        if (errno != ENOENT) {
            ALOGE("couldn't stat lib dir: %s\n", strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }
    } else {
        if (S_ISDIR(libStat.st_mode)) { // 判断某文件是否为目录文件
            if (delete_dir_contents(libsymlink, 1, 0) < 0) { // 是的话删除文件夹里面的东西
                ALOGE("couldn't delete lib directory during install for: %s", libsymlink);
                return -1;
            }
        } else if (S_ISLNK(libStat.st_mode)) { // 链接文件则取消连接
            if (unlink(libsymlink) < 0) {
                ALOGE("couldn't unlink lib directory during install for: %s", libsymlink);
                return -1;
            }
        }
    }

    if (symlink(applibdir, libsymlink) < 0) { // 让data/data/pkg//lib和data/app_lib/pkg 链接
        ALOGE("couldn't symlink directory '%s' -> '%s': %s\n", libsymlink, applibdir,
                strerror(errno));
        unlink(pkgdir);
        return -1;
    }

    if (selinux_android_setfilecon2(pkgdir, pkgname, seinfo, uid) < 0) { 
        ALOGE("cannot setfilecon dir '%s': %s\n", pkgdir, strerror(errno));
        unlink(libsymlink);
        unlink(pkgdir);
        return -errno;
    }

    if (chown(pkgdir, uid, gid) < 0) {
        ALOGE("cannot chown dir '%s': %s\n", pkgdir, strerror(errno));
        unlink(libsymlink);
        unlink(pkgdir);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

主要创建了目录并设置权限

Remove：

static int do_remove(char **arg, char reply[REPLY_MAX])
{
    return uninstall(arg[0], atoi(arg[1])); /* pkgname, userid */
}

int uninstall(const char *pkgname, uid_t persona)
{
    char pkgdir[PKG_PATH_MAX];

    if (create_pkg_path(pkgdir, pkgname, PKG_DIR_POSTFIX, persona))
        return -1;

    /* delete contents AND directory, no exceptions */
    return delete_dir_contents(pkgdir, 1, NULL);// 删除data/data/pkg 下的文件
}

删除了data/data/pkg下所有文件和目录

 

其他命令可到frameworks/native/cmds/installd/installd.c下跟踪查看