jackson中自定义处理序列化和反序列化

对于一直用gson的人来说，如果单独用jackson，真是麻烦了，但还是得小结下了：
先来看下如何自定义把某个对象序列化为json:

先是对象：

public class User {
    public int id;
    public String name;
}
public class Item {
    public int id;
    public String itemName;
    public User owner;
}

JACKSON一般的使用很容易,如;
Item myItem = new Item(1, "theItem", new User(2, "theUser"));
String serialized = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(myItem);
结果为：
{
"id": 1,
"itemName": "theItem",
"owner": {
"id": 2,
"name": "theUser"
}
}

如果要输出为如下的样子，比如；
{
"id": 25,
"itemName": "FEDUfRgS",
"owner": 15
}

则要自定义了，要继承JsonSerializer类，如下：

public class ItemSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Item> {
    @Override
    public void serialize(Item value, JsonGenerator jgen, SerializerProvider provider) 
      throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        jgen.writeStartObject();
        jgen.writeNumberField("id", value.id);
        jgen.writeStringField("itemName", value.itemName);
        jgen.writeNumberField("owner", value.owner.id);
        jgen.writeEndObject();
    }
}

然后

Item myItem = new Item(1, "theItem", new User(2, "theUser"));
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule();
module.addSerializer(Item.class, new ItemSerializer());
mapper.registerModule(module);

String serialized = mapper.writeValueAsString(myItem);

看，相当复杂,然后看有无办法简单点，其实是有的哦；方法为：

@JsonSerialize(using = ItemSerializer.class)
public class Item {
    ...
}

就是使用注解@JsonSerialize，然后：

Item myItem = new Item(1, "theItem", new User(2, "theUser"));
String serialized = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(myItem);

接下来看如何反序列化了，
同样，要反序列化的两个pojo为：

public class User {
    public int id;
    public String name;
}
public class Item {
    public int id;
    public String itemName;
    public User owner;
}

反序列化代码为：
Item itemWithOwner = new ObjectMapper().readValue(json, Item.class);

如果要自定义反序列化，比如要反序列化的JSON为;
{
"id": 1,
"itemName": "theItem",
"owner": 2
}

则上面这样会报错：
com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.exc.UnrecognizedPropertyException:
Unrecognized field "createdBy" (class org.baeldung.jackson.dtos.Item),
not marked as ignorable (3 known properties: "id", "owner", "itemName"])
at [Source: java.io.StringReader@53c7a917; line: 1, column: 43]
(through reference chain: org.baeldung.jackson.dtos.Item["createdBy"])

代码：

public class ItemDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Item> {

    @Override
    public Item deserialize(JsonParser jp, DeserializationContext ctxt) 
      throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        JsonNode node = jp.getCodec().readTree(jp);
        int id = (Integer) ((IntNode) node.get("id")).numberValue();
        String itemName = node.get("itemName").asText();
        int userId = (Integer) ((IntNode) node.get("id")).numberValue();

        return new Item(id, itemName, new User(userId, null));
    }
}

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule();
module.addDeserializer(Item.class, new ItemDeserializer());
mapper.registerModule(module);

Item readValue = mapper.readValue(json, Item.class);

也可以用注解：
@JsonDeserialize(using = ItemDeserializer.class)
public class Item {
...
}