Swift5 内存引用与异常处理
1. Swift 内存销毁时机
class ClassDemo {
var a = "value a"
deinit {
print ( "deinit class a" )
}
}
var ins1: ClassDemo ? = ClassDemo ( )
var ins2 = ins1
var ins3 = ins2
ins1 = nil
ins2 = nil
print ( String ( describing: ins3? . a) )
ins3 = nil
2. Swift 单向引用
class ClassA {
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassA" )
}
func foo ( ) {
print ( "func foo in ClassA" )
}
}
class ClassB {
var ins: ClassA ?
init ( ins: ClassA ? ) {
self . ins = ins
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassB" )
}
}
var clzA: ClassA ? = ClassA ( )
var clzB: ClassB ? = ClassB ( ins: clzA)
clzA = nil
clzB? . ins? . foo ( )
clzB = nil
3. Swift 循环引用
class ClassC {
var insD: ClassD ?
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassC" )
}
func foo ( ) {
print ( "func foo in ClassC" )
}
}
class ClassD {
var insC: ClassC ?
init ( ins: ClassC ? ) {
self . insC = ins
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassD" )
}
}
var clzC: ClassC ? = ClassC ( )
var clzD: ClassD ? = ClassD ( ins: clzC)
clzC? . insD = clzD
clzC = nil
clzD? . insC? . foo ( )
clzD = nil
4. Swift 弱引用 解决 循环引用 问题
class ClassE {
weak var insF: ClassF ?
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassE" )
}
func foo ( ) {
print ( "func foo in ClassE" )
}
}
class ClassF {
var insE: ClassE ?
init ( ins: ClassE ? ) {
self . insE = ins
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassF" )
}
}
var clzE: ClassE ? = ClassE ( )
var clzF: ClassF ? = ClassF ( ins: clzE)
clzE? . insF = clzF
clzE = nil
clzF? . insE? . foo ( )
clzF = nil
5. Swift 无主引用,针对类型为非 Optional
class ClassG {
unowned var insH: ClassH
init ( ins: ClassH ) {
self . insH = ins
}
func foo ( ) {
print ( "func foo in ClassG" )
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassG" )
}
}
class ClassH {
var insG: ClassG ?
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassH" )
}
}
var clzH: ClassH ? = ClassH ( )
var clzG: ClassG ? = ClassG ( ins: clzH! )
clzH? . insG = clzG
clzG = nil
clzH? . insG? . foo ( )
clzH = nil
6. Swift 闭包产生的循环引用
class ClassJ {
var field = "field j"
lazy var closure: ( ) - > Void = {
print ( self . field)
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassJ" )
}
}
var objJ: ClassJ ? = ClassJ ( )
objJ? . closure ( )
objJ = nil
7. Swift 解决闭包产生的循环引用
class ClassK {
var field = "field k"
lazy var closure: ( ) - > Void = {
[ unowned self ] ( ) - > Void in
print ( self . field)
}
deinit {
print ( "deinit ClassK" )
}
}
var objK: ClassK ? = ClassK ( )
objK? . closure ( )
objK = nil
8. Swift 自定义异常类型
enum CustomError : Error {
case ErrorOne
case ErrorTwo
case ErrorThree
}
print ( "error" )
print ( "complete" )
9. Swift do-catch 捕获异常,try 执行会抛异常的函数
func funcError ( ) throws - > String {
throw CustomError . ErrorTwo
}
do {
try funcError ( )
} catch CustomError . ErrorOne {
print ( "ErrorOne" )
} catch CustomError . ErrorTwo {
print ( "ErrorTwo" )
} catch CustomError . ErrorThree {
print ( "ErrorThree" )
}
let result = try ? funcError ( )
if ( result == nil ) {
print ( "exec failed" )
}
10. Swift 函数延时执行结构
func lazyFunc ( ) throws - > Void {
defer {
print ( "lazy part of func" )
}
print ( "exec lazyFunc" )
throw CustomError . ErrorThree
}
try ? lazyFunc ( )