gnuplot 命令行绘图工具命令

gnuplot命令行绘图工具命令

绘图示例预览

gnuplot工具非常强大，可以在命令行进行曲线绘图，当然也可以在UI界面绘图。

绘图命令：

gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' u ($0):1 w lp t 'c1', 'test.csv' u ($0):2 w lp t 'c2'

绘图效果：

数据文件：

123 145
143 156
156 178
165 189
168 199
176 203

gnuplot常用命令

准备

安装gnuplot

$ brew install gnuplot
==> Installing dependencies for gnuplot: libpng, freetype, fontconfig, jpeg-turbo, brotli, giflib, imath, openexr, libtiff, webp, jpeg-xl, libvmaf, aom, libavif, gd, libcerf, lua, gettext, pcre2, glib, libpthread-stubs, xorgproto, libxau, libxdmcp, libxcb, libx11, libxext, libxrender, lzo, pixman, cairo, fribidi, graphite2, harfbuzz, pango and qt@5
==> Installing gnuplot dependency: libpng
==> Pouring libpng--1.6.38.arm64_monterey.bottle.tar.gz
...
==> Running `brew cleanup gnuplot`...
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).

启动

$ gnuplot

        G N U P L O T
        Version 5.4 patchlevel 4    last modified 2022-07-10 

        Copyright (C) 1986-1993, 1998, 2004, 2007-2022
        Thomas Williams, Colin Kelley and many others

        gnuplot home:     http://www.gnuplot.info
        faq, bugs, etc:   type "help FAQ"
        immediate help:   type "help"  (plot window: hit 'h')

Terminal type is now 'qt'
gnuplot>

退出绘图模式

gnuplot> q

直接执行命令

gnuplot -e "set term dumb; plot 'test.csv';"
gnuplot -e 'set term dumb; plot "test.csv" u ($0):1 w lp t "c1", "test.csv" u ($0):2 w lp t "c2";'

查看帮助文档

 gnuplot --help
 gnuplot> h plot
 Syntax:
       plot {<ranges>} <plot-element> {, <plot-element>, <plot-element>}
 <press enter to exit>

切换输出模式

gnuplot> set term qt
gnuplot> set term dumb

执行shell命令

gnuplot> !cat text2.csv

采用缩写形式

u using
w with
lp linespoints
h help

绘图

设置图例名称

gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' title 'c1'

选取数据列绘图

gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' using 1:2
gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' using 1:2, 'test.csv' using 1:3

选择线条风格

gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' with lines
gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' with linespoints
gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' with points

使用行号作为横轴

gnuplot> plot 'test.csv' using ($0):1, 'test.csv' using ($0):2

设置

设置标题

gnuplot> set title 'Test Title'
gnuplot> set xlabel 'Times'
gnuplot> set ylabel 'Cost/ms'

设置注释箭头

gnuplot> set arrow 1 from 1,200 to 0.2,208
gnuplot> show arrow

        arrow 1, head nofilled back linewidth 1.000 dashtype solid
          from (1.00000, 200.000, 0.00000) to (0.00000, 208.000, 0.00000)

设置注释图例

set key at 2, 0.5

设置注释文本

set label "y=x" at 0, 208

参考文档

gnuplot使用文档
• http://www.gnuplot.info/
• https://alvinalexander.com/technology/gnuplot-charts-graphs-examples/
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50309923/plot-a-single-column-data-with-different-scale-on-the-horizontal-axis-in-gnuplot
• https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33523925/article/details/88219854
• https://www.cnblogs.com/xueqiuqiu/articles/12919148.html

matplotlib/pyplot使用文档
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/911655/gnuplot-vs-matplotlib
• https://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/37742423