基于MVC模式封装一个自己的Structs案例

一.需求

1.MVC模式

Model   模型
View    视图
Control  控制器

2.Control 控制器

Servlet起到控制器作用！
    ----> 获取请求数据封装  【BeanUtils可以优化，(调用方法？)】
    ----> 调用Service处理业务逻辑        
    ----> 跳转(转发/重定向)【跳转代码写死】

3.传统mvc开发总结：

1. 跳转代码写死，不灵活
2. 每次都去写servlet，web.xml中配置servlet！
    (配置目的： 请求, Servlet处理类)

4.需求：

登陆、注册
      登陆成功---首页
注册成功    
            ---登陆
            ---首页

二、基于MVC模式封装一个自己的Structs案例

1.逻辑图

2.代码实现

1).核心控制器代码

package com.chinano1edu.framework;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.itcast.framework.bean.ActionMapping;
import cn.itcast.framework.bean.ActionMappingManager;
import cn.itcast.framework.bean.Result;

/*
 * 核心控制器,此项目只有这一个servlet
 * 1. 拦截所有的*.action为后缀的请求
 * 2. 请求:http://localhost:8080/mystruts/login.action
 *        http://localhost:8080/mystruts/register.action
 */
public class ActionServlet extends HttpServlet{

    private ActionMappingManager actionMappingManager;

    // 只执行一次(希望启动时候执行)
    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("ActionServlet.init()");
        actionMappingManager = new ActionMappingManager();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        try {
            String uri = request.getRequestURI();
            String actionName=uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/")+1, uri.indexOf(".action"));

            // 2. 根据路径名称，读取配置文件，得到类的全名  
            ActionMapping actionMapping = actionMappingManager.getActionMapping(actionName);
            String className = actionMapping.getClassName();

            // 当前请求的处理方法
            String method = actionMapping.getMethod();

            // 3. 反射： 创建对象，调用方法； 获取方法返回的标记
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
            Object obj = clazz.newInstance();  //LoginAction loginAction = new LoginAction();
            Method m = clazz.getDeclaredMethod(method, HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class );
            // 调用方法返回的标记
            String returnFlag =  (String) m.invoke(obj, request, response);

            // 4. 拿到标记，读取配置文件得到标记对应的页面 、 跳转类型
            Result result = actionMapping.getResults().get(returnFlag);
            // 类型
            String type = result.getType();
            // 页面
            String page = result.getPage();

            // 跳转
            if ("redirect".equals(type)) {
                response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + page);
            } else {
                request.getRequestDispatcher(page).forward(request, response);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

2.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mystruts>
    <package>
        <!-- 配置请求路径，与处理action类的关系 -->
        <!-- 
            1. 请求路径与处理Action的关系
                 /login = LoginAction                          login
                        success = /index.jsp                     登陆成功(重定向)
                        loginFaild  = /login.jsp                 登陆失败-->
        <action name="login" class="com.chinano1edu.com.framework.action.LoginAction" method="login">
            <result name="loginSuccess" type="redirect">/index.jsp</result>
            <result name="loginFaild">/login.jsp</result>
        </action>
        <action name="register" class="com.chinano1edu.com.framework.action.RegisterAction" method="register">
            <result name="registerSuccess">/login</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</mystruts>

3）.配置文件内容读取代码

package com.chinano1edu.com.framework.bean;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;

/**
 * 加载配置文件, 封装所有的真个mystruts.xml
 */
public class ActionMappingManager {

    // 保存action的集合
    private Map<String,ActionMapping> allActions ;

    public ActionMappingManager(){
        allActions = new HashMap<String,ActionMapping>();
        // 初始化
        this.init();
    }

    /**
     * 根据请求路径名称，返回Action的映射对象
     * @param actionName   当前请求路径
     * @return 返回配置文件中代表action节点的AcitonMapping对象
     */
    public ActionMapping getActionMapping(String actionName) {
        if (actionName == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("传入参数有误，请查看struts.xml配置的路径。");
        }

        ActionMapping actionMapping = allActions.get(actionName);
        if (actionMapping == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("路径在struts.xml中找不到，请检查");
        }
        return actionMapping;
    }

    // 初始化allActions集合
    private void init() {
        try {
            // 1. 得到解析器
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            // 得到src/mystruts.xml  文件流
            InputStream inStream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/mystruts.xml");
            // 2. 加载文件
            Document doc = reader.read(inStream);
            // 3. 获取根
            Element root = doc.getRootElement();
            // 4. 得到package节点
            Element ele_package = root.element("package");
            // 5. 得到package节点下，  所有的action子节点
            List<Element> listAction = ele_package.elements("action");
            // 6.遍历 ，封装
            for (Element ele_action : listAction) {
                // 6.1 封装一个ActionMapping对象
                ActionMapping actionMapping = new ActionMapping();
                actionMapping.setName(ele_action.attributeValue("name"));
                actionMapping.setClassName(ele_action.attributeValue("class"));
                actionMapping.setMethod(ele_action.attributeValue("method"));
                // 6.2 封装当前aciton节点下所有的结果视图
                Map<String,Result> results = new HashMap<String, Result>();
                // 得到当前action节点下所有的result子节点
                 Iterator<Element> it = ele_action.elementIterator("result");
                 while (it.hasNext()) {
                     // 当前迭代的每一个元素都是 <result...>
                     Element ele_result = it.next();
                     // 封装对象
                     Result res = new Result();
                     res.setName(ele_result.attributeValue("name"));
                     res.setType(ele_result.attributeValue("type"));
                     res.setPage(ele_result.getTextTrim());
                     // 添加到集合
                     results.put(res.getName(), res);
                 }
                // 设置到actionMapping中
                actionMapping.setResults(results);
                // 6.x actionMapping添加到map集合
                allActions.put(actionMapping.getName(), actionMapping);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("启动时候初始化错误",e);
        }
    }
}


package com.chinano1edu.com.framework.bean;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 封装action节点
 */
public class ActionMapping {

    // 请求路径名称
    private String name;
    // 处理aciton类的全名
    private String className;
    // 处理方法
    private String method;
    // 结果视图集合
    private Map<String,Result> results;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }
    public void setClassName(String className) {
        this.className = className;
    }
    public String getMethod() {
        return method;
    }
    public void setMethod(String method) {
        this.method = method;
    }
    public Map<String, Result> getResults() {
        return results;
    }
    public void setResults(Map<String, Result> results) {
        this.results = results;
    }
}


package  com.chinano1edu.com.framework.bean;

/**
 * 封装结果视图
 */
public class Result {

    // 跳转的结果标记
    private String name;
    // 跳转类型，默认为转发； "redirect"为重定向
    private String type;
    // 跳转的页面
    private String page;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }
    public String getPage() {
        return page;
    }
    public void setPage(String page) {
        this.page = page;
    }   
}

4）.Action代码

package com.chinano1edu.framework.action;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.chinano1edu.entity.User;
import com.chinano1edu.service.UserService;

/**
 * Action表示动作类 1. 一个servlet对应一个action 2. action中负责处理具体的请求
 */
public class LoginAction {

    public Object execute(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    throws ServletException, IOException {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 处理登陆请求
     */
    public Object login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        Object uri = null;
        // 1. 获取请求数据，封装
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String pwd = request.getParameter("pwd");
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(name);
        user.setPwd(pwd);

        // 2. 调用Service
        UserService userService = new UserService();
        User userInfo = userService.login(user);
        // 3. 跳转
        if (userInfo == null) {
            // 登陆失败
            uri = "loginFaild";   // loginFaild  = /login.jsp
        } else {
            // 登陆成功
            request.getSession().setAttribute("userInfo", userInfo);
            // 首页
            uri = "loginSuccess";  
        }
        return uri;
    }
}


package com.chinano1edu.framework.action;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.chinano1edu.entity.User;
import com.chinano1edu.service.UserService;

public class RegisterAction {

    public Object register(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        Object uri;

        // 1. 获取请求数据，封装
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String pwd = request.getParameter("pwd");
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(name);
        user.setPwd(pwd);

        // 2. 调用Service
        UserService userService = new UserService();
        userService.register(user);
        // 3. 跳转
        return "registerSuccess";
    }
}

5）.Service层代码

public class UserService {

    private UserDao ud = new UserDao();

    // 模拟登陆
    public User login(User user){
        return ud.login(user);
    }

    // 模拟注册
    public void register(User user) {
        ud.register(user);
    }
}

6）.userBean层代码

public class User {
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }
    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }
}

7）.Dao层代码

public class UserDao {
    // 模拟登陆
    public User login(User user){
        if ("tom".equals(user.getName()) && "888".equals(user.getPwd()) ){
            return user;
        }
        return null;
    }
    public void register(User user) {
        System.out.println("注册成功：用户，" + user.getName());
    }
}

8）.web.xml文件代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <!-- 核心控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.chinano1edu.framework.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 启动时候执行servlet初始化方法 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

9）.jsp文件代码

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>index</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
    欢迎你,${sessionScope.userInfo.name }
  </body>
</html>

2.login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>login</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login.action" name="frmLogin"  method="post">
       用户名： <input type="text" name="name"> <br/>
     密码： <input type="text" name="pwd"> <br/>
       <input type="submit" value="登陆"> <br/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

3.register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>login</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/register.action" name="frmRegister"  method="post">
       用户名： <input type="text" name="name"> <br/>
       密码： <input type="text" name="pwd"> <br/>
       <input type="submit" value="注册"> <br/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>