【异构计算平台系列 - GPU + OpenCL - 02】异构计算(Heterogeneous Computing)简介

What?

异构计算(Heterogeneous computing主要是指使用不同类型指令集和体系架构的计算单元组成系统的计算方式。

常见的计算单元类别包括CPUGPU等协处理器、DSPASICApplication Specific Integrated Circuit)、FPGA等。

从实现的角度来说,异构计算就是制定出一系列的软件与硬件的标准,让不同类型的计算设备能够共享计算的过程和结果,

同时不断优化和加速计算的过程,使其具备更高的计算效能。

FLOPSFloating-point Operations Per Second,每秒所执行的浮点运算次数)是一个衡量计算机的计算能力的量,

经常使用在需要大量浮点运算的科学运算中。

接下来介绍几种异构计算的硬件平台:

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Heterogeneous Computing with OpenCL 2.0 teaches OpenCL and parallel programming for complex systems that may include a variety of device architectures: multi-core CPUs, GPUs, and fully-integrated Accelerated Processing Units (APUs). This fully-revised edition includes the latest enhancements in OpenCL 2.0 including: • Shared virtual memory to increase programming flexibility and reduce data transfers that consume resources • Dynamic parallelism which reduces processor load and avoids bottlenecks • Improved imaging support and integration with OpenGL Designed to work on multiple platforms, OpenCL will help you more effectively program for a heterogeneous future. Written by leaders in the parallel computing and OpenCL communities, this book explores memory spaces, optimization techniques, extensions, debugging and profiling. Multiple case studies and examples illustrate high-performance algorithms, distributing work across heterogeneous systems, embedded domain-specific languages, and will give you hands-on OpenCL experience to address a range of fundamental parallel algorithms. Updated content to cover the latest developments in OpenCL 2.0, including improvements in memory handling, parallelism, and imaging support Explanations of principles and strategies to learn parallel programming with OpenCL, from understanding the abstraction models to thoroughly testing and debugging complete applications Example code covering image analytics, web plugins, particle simulations, video editing, performance optimization, and more

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