基于SurfaceTexture的静默/无预览拍照方案

公司业务需要做一个静默拍照的功能，了解了一下常见的解决方案，基本上都是基于SurfaceView做的，弊病颇多。研究了一下，决定以SurfaceTexture为切入点，做一个真正的静默拍照功能。

public class xxx  implements SurfaceTexture.OnFrameAvailableListener{

    private static final String TAG = "slient_camera";

    private Context context;

    private Camera mCamera;

    private SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture;

    public xxx(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    public void onCreate() {
        Log.i(TAG, " onCreate()");
        surfaceTexture = new SurfaceTexture(10);
        surfaceTexture.setOnFrameAvailableListener(this);
        //openCamere();
    }

    public boolean openCamere() {
        try {
            mCamera = Camera.open(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);
        Camera.Parameters params = mCamera.getParameters();
        //设置camera各种属性，略
        ……
        mCamera.setParameters(params);

        if (mCamera == null) {
            // Seeing this on Nexus 7 2012 -- I guess it wants a rear-facing camera, but
            // there isn't one.  TODO: fix
            //throw new RuntimeException("Default camera not available");
            Log.e(TAG, "openCamere, mCamera == null!");
            return false;
        }

        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewTexture(surfaceTexture);//用surfaceTexture做预览
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            ioe.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public void tackPicture() {
        //Log.w(TAG, "tackPicture()");
        File picFile = CameraUtil.getOutputMediaFile();
        if (picFile == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "tackPicture, getOutputMediaFile is null!");
            return;
        }
        if (null == mCamera) {
            Log.e(TAG, "tackPicture(), null == mCamera");
            return;
        }
        mCamera.takePicture(mShutterCallback, null, mPictureCallback);
        //saveData = true;
        //Log.i(TAG, "takePicture after time = " + System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    private Camera.ShutterCallback mShutterCallback = new Camera.ShutterCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onShutter() {
            //静默拍照，此处不能播放自定义拍照音
        }
    };

    private Camera.PictureCallback mPictureCallback = new Camera.PictureCallback() {

        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(final byte[] data, Camera camera) {
			//将data转成bitmap即可
			//其他操作
            closeCamera();
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onFrameAvailable(SurfaceTexture surfaceTexture) {
        //surfaceTexture.updateTexImage();
    }

    private void closeCamera() {
        Log.i(TAG, "closeCamera");
        if (null != mCamera) {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
            mCamera.release();
            mCamera = null;
        }
    }

    public void onDestroy() {
        closeCamera();
    }
}

主要代码都在上面了，大概的解释一下：创建一个SurfaceTexture，这个SurfaceTexture承载了相机的预览。但是由于我们没有设置可见的TextureView，所以不会有预览的界面。关于openCamere这一段，其实是有很多坑的，比如相机前后摄像头、预览角度、预览界面之类的设置，不赘述了。拍照时调用tackPicture方法，mPictureCallback 方法内的那个byte数组就是最终的照片，将其转化为bitmap即可。具体的实现很简单，就不再贴出来了。
总结一下这个思路，好处在于不需要设置一个可见的view去承载相机的预览，把这个事情交给了surfaceTexture去做，可以全程在后台静默完成，想想还是挺猥琐的。限制在于surfaceTexture只能在API11之上才能调用，而在更高等级的API21中，调用相机需要弹出权限提示框，无法再静默打开摄像头。说白了，这是一个只能在API11~API21中间使用的思路。