C 标准库 time.h 日历

通过日历算法，可以看出 C 标准库的时间库已经能够解决大部分的时间问题，惟一的不足是时间的精度只能达到 秒 级别。对于这个不足可以使用C++的“chrono” 库进行补充
就我个人的经验而言，如果不是进行性能测试，对于精度秒级别足够使用

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注意:　
asctime ctime gmtime localtime strtime 函数实现的内部都是使用了一个静态变量用于存储计算的结果，然后函数返回这个静态变量的地址
多线程中使用这些函数需要借助锁（或其它同步的工具）

asctime 的实现大致如下:(从asctime的实现，我们可以总结两种编程常用的方法：查表法和函数内的静态变量状态保持法)

char* asctime(const struct tm *timeptr)
{
  static const char wday_name[][4] = {
    "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"
  };
  static const char mon_name[][4] = {
    "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun",
    "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"
  };
  static char result[26];
  sprintf(result, "%.3s %.3s%3d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d %d\n",
    wday_name[timeptr->tm_wday],
    mon_name[timeptr->tm_mon],
    timeptr->tm_mday, timeptr->tm_hour,
    timeptr->tm_min, timeptr->tm_sec,
    1900 + timeptr->tm_year);
  return result;
}

/*
 * 日历
 */

//#include <chrono>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void Calendar(int year) {
    const char *s_week = "Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat";
    tm day_start;
    tm *day;
    time_t t;
    time_t one_day = 3600 * 24;
    char MONTH_YEAR[BUFSIZ];

    memset(&t, 0, sizeof(time_t));
    memset(&day_start, 0, sizeof(tm));
    day_start.tm_year = year-1900;
    day_start.tm_mon = 0;
    day_start.tm_mday = 1;

    t = mktime(&day_start);

    int month = -1;
    int wday = 0;

    do {
        day = localtime(&t);
        if (day->tm_mon != month) {
            if (day->tm_wday) putchar('\n');
            strftime(MONTH_YEAR, BUFSIZ, "%b %Y", day);
            puts(MONTH_YEAR);
            puts(s_week);
            month = day->tm_mon;
            wday = 0;
        }
        if (day->tm_wday != wday) {
            printf("%*s", 4 * day->tm_wday, " ");
        }
        printf("%3d ", day->tm_mday);
        if (day->tm_wday == 6) putchar('\n');
        wday = (day->tm_wday+1) % 7;

        t += one_day;
    } while(day->tm_mon!=11 || day->tm_mday!=31);

}

int main() {
    Calendar(2015);
    Calendar(2016);
//    int year;
//    scanf("%d", &year);
//    while (year) {
//        Calendar(year);
//        scanf("%d", &year);
//    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * 两个日期相隔的天数
 */

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    tm tm1;
    tm tm2;
    time_t t1;
    time_t t2;

    const double one_day = 3600 * 24;

    memset(&tm1, 0, sizeof(tm));
    memset(&tm2, 0, sizeof(tm));

    tm1.tm_year = 2014-1900;
    tm1.tm_mon = 0;
    tm1.tm_mday = 1;
    t1 = mktime(&tm1);

    tm2.tm_year = 2016-1900;
    tm2.tm_mon = 0;
    tm2.tm_mday = 1;
    t2 = mktime(&tm2);

    printf("%.lf day", difftime(t2, t1) / one_day);

    return 0;
} 

/*
 * mktime 可以直接对 tm 结构进行运算
 */

#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    tm tm1;
    time_t t1;
    memset(&tm1, 0, sizeof(tm));
    tm1.tm_year = 2015-1900;
    tm1.tm_mday = 1;
    tm1.tm_hour = 24;
    t1 = mktime(&tm1);
    puts(ctime(&t1));


}