opencv cv2.copyMakeBorder()函数详解

一、官方的例子： 

OpenCV: Basic Operations on Images

函数定义：

cv.copyMakeBorder(src,  top,  bottom,  left,  right,  borderType[, dst[, value]])  -> dst

作用：

If you want to create a border around an image, something like a photo frame, you can use cv.copyMakeBorder(). But it has more applications for convolution operation, zero padding etc. 

参数：

• src - input image
• top, bottom, left, right - border width in number of pixels in corresponding directions
• borderType - Flag defining what kind of border to be added. It can be following types:
  • cv.BORDER_CONSTANT - Adds a constant colored border. The value should be given as next argument.
  • cv.BORDER_REFLECT - Border will be mirror reflection of the border elements, like this : fedcba|abcdefgh|hgfedcb
  • cv.BORDER_REFLECT_101 or cv.BORDER_DEFAULT - Same as above, but with a slight change, like this : gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba
  • cv.BORDER_REPLICATE - Last element is replicated throughout, like this: aaaaaa|abcdefgh|hhhhhhh
  • cv.BORDER_WRAP - Can't explain, it will look like this : cdefgh|abcdefgh|abcdefg
• value - Color of border if border type is cv.BORDER_CONSTANT

例子：

Below is a sample code demonstrating all these border types for better understanding:

import cv2
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
BLUE = [255,0,0]
img1 = cv2.imread('opencv-logo.png')

replicate = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img1, 10, 10, 10, 10, cv2.BORDER_REPLICATE)
reflect = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img1, 10, 10, 10, 10, cv2.BORDER_REFLECT)
reflect101 = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img1, 10, 10, 10,10, cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101)
wrap = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img1, 10, 10, 10, 10, cv2.BORDER_WRAP)
constant= cv2.copyMakeBorder(img1, 10, 10, 10, 10, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=BLUE)

plt.subplot(231),plt.imshow(img1,'gray'),plt.title('ORIGINAL')
plt.subplot(232),plt.imshow(replicate,'gray'),plt.title('REPLICATE')
plt.subplot(233),plt.imshow(reflect,'gray'),plt.title('REFLECT')
plt.subplot(234),plt.imshow(reflect101,'gray'),plt.title('REFLECT_101')
plt.subplot(235),plt.imshow(wrap,'gray'),plt.title('WRAP')
plt.subplot(236),plt.imshow(constant,'gray'),plt.title('CONSTANT')
plt.show()

 二、中文参数解释

1. src ： 输入图片
2. top, bottom, left, right ：相应方向上需要填充的像素宽度
3. borderType：要添加边框的类型，可以是以下的某一种：
   cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT：添加的边界框像素值为常数（需要额外再给定一个参数）
   cv2.BORDER_REFLECT：添加的边框像素将是边界元素的镜面反射，类似于gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba
   cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101 or cv2.BORDER_DEFAULT：和上面类似，但是有一些细微的不同，类似于gfedcb|abcdefgh|gfedcba
   cv2.BORDER_REPLICATE：使用最边界的像素值填充，类似于aaaaaa|abcdefgh|hhhhhhh
   cv2.BORDER_WRAP：不好解释，直接看例子，cdefgh|abcdefgh|abcdefg
4. value：如果borderType为cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT时需要填充的常数值。