opencv中使用copyMakeBorder为图片填充边框

说明

在使用深度学习模型推理的时候，通常输入图片都是一个正方形，而摄像头采集的图片通常是长方形的，这就要把图片的边上填充一些像素，从而变成所需的正方形。
在opencv中copyMakeBorder可做填充的工作，非常适合做深度学习图片的前处理。
FDDB数据集是用于人脸检测的，经过处理的图片如下所示：

函数原型

https://docs.opencv.org/3.4/d2/de8/group__core__array.html#ga2ac1049c2c3dd25c2b41bffe17658a36

python代码示例

这个例子把图片转换为320X320的正方形图片。

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

#入参是：源图，目标宽度，目标长度
#长宽不等的图片，本函数resize后会在短的那个边上做填充，从而保证图片比例不变
def resize_image(srcimg, targetHeight, targetWidth):
    padh, padw, newh, neww = 0, 0, targetHeight, targetWidth
    if srcimg.shape[0] != srcimg.shape[1]:
        hw_scale = srcimg.shape[0] / srcimg.shape[1]  #shape[0]-h, shape[1]-w
        if hw_scale > 1:  #高度比较大
            newh, neww = targetHeight, int(targetWidth / hw_scale)
            img = cv2.resize(srcimg, (neww, newh), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
            padw = int((targetWidth - neww) * 0.5)
            img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, 0, 0, padw, targetWidth - neww - padw, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT,
                                     value=0)  # add border
            return img
        else: 
            newh, neww = int(targetHeight * hw_scale) + 1, targetWidth
            img = cv2.resize(srcimg, (neww, newh), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
            padh = int((targetHeight - newh) * 0.5)
            img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(img, padh, targetHeight - newh - padh, 0, 0, cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=0)
            return img
    else:
        img = cv2.resize(srcimg, (targetWidth, targetHeight), interpolation=cv2.INTER_AREA)
        return img #, newh, neww, padh, padw


f = open("facepictures.txt")
line = f.readline()
num = 0
while line:
    imgpath=line.strip()
    print (num, ":", imgpath)
    img = cv2.imread(imgpath)

    resize_img = resize_image(img, 320, 320)

    newpath = os.path.join("./FDDB/", str(num)+".jpg")
    print("newpath:", newpath)
    cv2.imwrite(newpath, resize_img)

    line = f.readline()
    num+=1
    # if num > 10 :
    #     break


f.close()