PAT (Advanced Level) Practice 1108 Finding Average（详细注释）

The basic task is simple: given N real numbers, you are supposed to calculate their average. But what makes it complicated is that some of the input numbers might not be legal. A legal input is a real number in [−1000,1000] and is accurate up to no more than 2 decimal places. When you calculate the average, those illegal numbers must not be counted in.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤100). Then N numbers are given in the next line, separated by one space.

Output Specification:

For each illegal input number, print in a line ERROR: X is not a legal number where X is the input. Then finally print in a line the result: The average of K numbers is Y where K is the number of legal inputs and Y is their average, accurate to 2 decimal places. In case the average cannot be calculated, output Undefined instead of Y. In case K is only 1, output The average of 1 number is Y instead.

Sample Input 1:

7
5 -3.2 aaa 9999 2.3.4 7.123 2.35

Sample Output 1:

ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
ERROR: 9999 is not a legal number
ERROR: 2.3.4 is not a legal number
ERROR: 7.123 is not a legal number
The average of 3 numbers is 1.38

Sample Input 2:

2
aaa -9999

Sample Output 2:

ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
ERROR: -9999 is not a legal number
The average of 0 numbers is Undefined

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int n, cnt = 0;  cin >> n;
    char a[50], b[50];
    double temp = 0.0, sum = 0.0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){
        scanf("%s",a);
        sscanf(a,"%lf",&temp);  //从左往右读，把a中的浮点数提取出来送入temp
        sprintf(b,"%.2f",temp); //从右往左读，把浮点数temp精确到小数点后两位打印成一个字符串保存在b中
        int flag = 0;
        for(int j = 0; j < strlen(a); ++j)
            if(a[j] != b[j])    flag = 1;
        if(flag || temp < -1000 || temp > 1000){
            printf("ERROR: %s is not a legal number\n",a);
            continue;
        }
        else{
            sum += temp;
            cnt++;
        }
    }
    if(cnt == 1)                                    //注意number的单复数（第三个测试点）
        printf("The average of 1 number is %.2f", sum);
    else if(cnt > 1)
        printf("The average of %d numbers is %.2f", cnt, sum/cnt);
    else
        printf("The average of 0 numbers is Undefined");
    return 0;
}