TASK16微分方程

语法知识

常微分方程的符号解

平面曲线族的包络线

常微分方程的数值解

差分方程的求解

实战演练

常微分方程的符号解的实例

>> dsolve('D2y+4*y=sin(x)','x')
 
ans =
 
sin(5*x)/24 - sin(3*x)/8 + sin(x)/6 - sin(2*x)*(cos(2*x)/6 - cos(x)/3 + cos(x)*(cos(2*x)/6 - cos(x)/3)) + C1*cos(2*x) - C2*sin(2*x)
 
>> simplify(ans)
 
ans =
 
sin(2*x)/6 + sin(x)/3 + C1*cos(2*x) - C2*sin(2*x)

平面曲线族的包络线的实例

>> syms x y a c theta
>> f=x/a+y/(c*c-a*a)^(1/2)-1;
>> eq=diff(f,a)
 
eq =
 
(a*y)/(c^2 - a^2)^(3/2) - x/a^2
 
>> [x,y]=solve(f,eq)%解方程
 
x =
 
a^3/((c^2 - a^2)^(3/2)*(1/(c^2 - a^2)^(1/2) + a^2/(c^2 - a^2)^(3/2)))
 
 
y =
 
1/(1/(c^2 - a^2)^(1/2) + a^2/(c^2 - a^2)^(3/2))
 
>> simplify(x)
 
ans =
 
a^3/c^2
 
>> simplify(y)
 
ans =
 
(c^2 - a^2)^(3/2)/c^2
 
>> x=c*cos(theta)^3;
>> y=c*sin(theta)^3;
>> simplify(x^(2/3)+y^(2/3))
 
ans =
 
(c*cos(theta)^3)^(2/3) + (c*sin(theta)^3)^(2/3)

>> ans1=simplify(ans)
 
ans1 =
 
(c*cos(theta)^3)^(2/3) + (c*sin(theta)^3)^(2/3)
 
>> ans1=c^(2/3)
 
ans1 =
 
c^(2/3)

>> for a=0.5:0.5:5
           x=0:0.05:5;
           y=(1-x/a)*(c^2-a^2)^(1/2);
           plot(x,y),hold on
 end

>> axis([0 5 -0.5 5.5])
>> theta=0:pi/50:pi/2;
>> x1=c*cos(theta).^3;y1=c*sin(theta).^3;
>> plot(x1,y1,'-k');grid on