C# WinForm 编写串口调试助手

用C# 编写一个串口调试助手，这里借鉴学习了B站杜洋工作室的学习视频，现将代码拿出来分享学习，

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace 串口调试助手0519
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
            for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
            {
                comboBox1.Items.Add("COM" + i.ToString());
            }
            comboBox1.Text = "COM15";// 串口号默认值
            comboBox2.Text = "115200";//波特率默认值
            /*************重要****************/
            serialPort1.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(port_DataReceived);//委托一个串口接收方法
            //上面这句也可以写到From1.Designer.cs里
            //
            //serialPort1
            //
            //this.serialPort1.DataReceived += new System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(port_DataReceived);
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try //防止出错
            {
                serialPort1.PortName = comboBox1.Text;
                serialPort1.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(comboBox2.Text, 10);//十进制数据转换,即十进制字符串转换为十进制数
                serialPort1.Open();
                button1.Enabled = false;//打开串口不可用
                button2.Enabled = true;//关闭串口；
            }
            catch
            {
                MessageBox.Show("端口错误，请检查串口", "错误");

            }
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                serialPort1.Close();//关闭串口
                button1.Enabled = true;//打开串口按钮可用
                button2.Enabled = false;//关闭串口按钮不可用
            }
            catch (Exception err)//一般情况下关闭串口不会出错，所以不需要加处理程序
            {

            }
        }

        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            byte[] Data = new byte[1];//只存储一个字节，单字节发送
            if (serialPort1.IsOpen)//判断串口是否打开，如果打开执行下一步操作
            {
                if (textBox2.Text != "")
                {
                    if (!radioButton1.Checked)//如果发送模式是字符模式
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            serialPort1.WriteLine(textBox2.Text);//写数据
                        }
                        catch
                        {
                            MessageBox.Show("串口数据写入错误", "错误");//出错提示
                            serialPort1.Close();
                            button1.Enabled = true;//打开串口按钮可用
                            button2.Enabled = false;//关闭串口按钮不可用
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        for (int i = 0; i < (textBox2.Text.Length - textBox2.Text.Length % 2) / 2; i++)//取余3运算作用是防止用户输入的字符为奇数个
                        {
                            Data[0] = Convert.ToByte(textBox2.Text.Substring(i * 2, 2), 16);
                            serialPort1.Write(Data, 0, 1);//循环发送（如果输入字符为0A0BB，则只发送0A,0B）
                        }
                        if (textBox2.Text.Length % 2 != 0)//剩下一位单独处理
                        {
                            Data[0] = Convert.ToByte(textBox2.Text.Substring(textBox2.Text.Length - 1, 1), 16);//单独发送B（0B）
                            serialPort1.Write(Data, 0, 1);//发送
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private void port_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)//串口数据接收事件,手动添加一个串口处理函数
        {
            if (!radioButton3.Checked)//如果接受模式为字符模式
            {
                string str = serialPort1.ReadExisting();//字符串方式读
                textBox1.AppendText(str);//添加内容,等价于textBox1.Text += str
            }
            else
            { //如果接收模式为数据接收
                byte data;
                data = (byte)serialPort1.ReadByte();//此处需要强制转换类型，将（int）类型数据转换为（byte类型数据）
                string str = Convert.ToString(data, 16).ToUpper();//转换为大写十六进制字符串
                textBox1.AppendText("0x" + (str.Length == 1 ? "0" + str : str) + " ");//空位补"0"
                //上一句等同为：if(str.length==1)
                //               str="0"+str;
                //               else
                //                 str=str;
                //               textBox1.AppendText("0x"+str);
            }
        }
    }
}

为了方便对应其中一些控件的名称和属性，我把Form.Designer.cs拿出来，方便读者自己做的时候更好对应。

namespace 串口调试助手0519
{
    partial class Form1
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要修改
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
            this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.panel2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
            this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.flowLayoutPanel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.FlowLayoutPanel();
            this.radioButton1 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.radioButton2 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
            this.radioButton4 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.radioButton3 = new System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton();
            this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.comboBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.textBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.serialPort1 = new System.IO.Ports.SerialPort(this.components);
            this.panel2.SuspendLayout();
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.SuspendLayout();
            this.panel1.SuspendLayout();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // button3
            // 
            this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(440, 216);
            this.button3.Name = "button3";
            this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 43);
            this.button3.TabIndex = 19;
            this.button3.Text = "发送";
            this.button3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);
            // 
            // panel2
            // 
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.label1);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.button2);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.label2);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.button1);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.flowLayoutPanel1);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.label4);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.label3);
            this.panel2.Controls.Add(this.comboBox2);
            this.panel2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 12);
            this.panel2.Name = "panel2";
            this.panel2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(222, 197);
            this.panel2.TabIndex = 18;
            // 
            // comboBox1
            // 
            this.comboBox1.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 13);
            this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
            this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 20);
            this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 7;
            // 
            // label1
            // 
            this.label1.AutoSize = true;
            this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 16);
            this.label1.Name = "label1";
            this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
            this.label1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.label1.Text = "端口";
            // 
            // button2
            // 
            this.button2.Enabled = false;
            this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(129, 152);
            this.button2.Name = "button2";
            this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 35);
            this.button2.TabIndex = 12;
            this.button2.Text = "关闭端口";
            this.button2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
            // 
            // label2
            // 
            this.label2.AutoSize = true;
            this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 51);
            this.label2.Name = "label2";
            this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 12);
            this.label2.TabIndex = 1;
            this.label2.Text = "波特率";
            // 
            // button1
            // 
            this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(26, 152);
            this.button1.Name = "button1";
            this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 35);
            this.button1.TabIndex = 11;
            this.button1.Text = "打开端口";
            this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
            // 
            // flowLayoutPanel1
            // 
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.Controls.Add(this.radioButton1);
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.Controls.Add(this.radioButton2);
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 92);
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.Name = "flowLayoutPanel1";
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 20);
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.TabIndex = 4;
            // 
            // radioButton1
            // 
            this.radioButton1.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 3);
            this.radioButton1.Name = "radioButton1";
            this.radioButton1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 16);
            this.radioButton1.TabIndex = 2;
            this.radioButton1.TabStop = true;
            this.radioButton1.Text = "数值";
            this.radioButton1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // radioButton2
            // 
            this.radioButton2.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(56, 3);
            this.radioButton2.Name = "radioButton2";
            this.radioButton2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 16);
            this.radioButton2.TabIndex = 3;
            this.radioButton2.TabStop = true;
            this.radioButton2.Text = "字符";
            this.radioButton2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // label4
            // 
            this.label4.AutoSize = true;
            this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 129);
            this.label4.Name = "label4";
            this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(53, 12);
            this.label4.TabIndex = 10;
            this.label4.Text = "接收模式";
            // 
            // panel1
            // 
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.radioButton4);
            this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.radioButton3);
            this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 118);
            this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
            this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 28);
            this.panel1.TabIndex = 6;
            // 
            // radioButton4
            // 
            this.radioButton4.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(56, 9);
            this.radioButton4.Name = "radioButton4";
            this.radioButton4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 16);
            this.radioButton4.TabIndex = 1;
            this.radioButton4.TabStop = true;
            this.radioButton4.Text = "字符";
            this.radioButton4.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // radioButton3
            // 
            this.radioButton3.AutoSize = true;
            this.radioButton3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 9);
            this.radioButton3.Name = "radioButton3";
            this.radioButton3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(47, 16);
            this.radioButton3.TabIndex = 0;
            this.radioButton3.TabStop = true;
            this.radioButton3.Text = "数值";
            this.radioButton3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // label3
            // 
            this.label3.AutoSize = true;
            this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 95);
            this.label3.Name = "label3";
            this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(53, 12);
            this.label3.TabIndex = 9;
            this.label3.Text = "发送模式";
            // 
            // comboBox2
            // 
            this.comboBox2.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboBox2.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
            "600",
            "1200",
            "2400",
            "4800",
            "9600",
            "14400",
            "19200",
            "115200"});
            this.comboBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 48);
            this.comboBox2.Name = "comboBox2";
            this.comboBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 20);
            this.comboBox2.TabIndex = 8;
            // 
            // textBox2
            // 
            this.textBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 216);
            this.textBox2.Multiline = true;
            this.textBox2.Name = "textBox2";
            this.textBox2.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.ScrollBars.Vertical;
            this.textBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(413, 43);
            this.textBox2.TabIndex = 17;
            // 
            // textBox1
            // 
            this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(231, 11);
            this.textBox1.Multiline = true;
            this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
            this.textBox1.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.ScrollBars.Vertical;
            this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(309, 198);
            this.textBox1.TabIndex = 16;
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(562, 272);
            this.Controls.Add(this.button3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.panel2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.textBox2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
            this.Name = "Form1";
            this.Text = " 串口调试助手";
            this.panel2.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.panel2.PerformLayout();
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.flowLayoutPanel1.PerformLayout();
            this.panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.panel1.PerformLayout();
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.PerformLayout();

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.FlowLayoutPanel flowLayoutPanel1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton4;
        private System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton radioButton3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
        private System.IO.Ports.SerialPort serialPort1;
    }
}