脚本来自 http://linoxide.com/linux-shell-script/shell-script-check-linux-system-health/
略有修改
测试环境:ubuntu
脚本作用:用来获取 hostname, kernel version, uptime, cpu / memory / disk usage,需要安装 sysstat
sudo apt-get install sysstat
脚本:
#tell which shell to use
#!/bin/bash
#Here we put email address to send email with report. If no email provided – log file will be just saved.
EMAIL='alerts@account.com'
#We will create function to easily manage what to do with output.
sysstat () {
#Print header, hostname (hostname command used), Kernel version (uname -r) , Uptime (from uptime command) and Last reboot time (from who command)
echo "
####################################################################
Health Check Report (CPU,Process,Disk Usage, Memory)
####################################################################
#hostname command returns hostname
Hostname : `hostname`
#uname command with key -r returns Kernel version
Kernel Version : `uname -r`
#uptime command used to get uptime, and with sed command we cat process output to get only uptime.
Uptime : `uptime | sed 's/.*up \([^,]*\), .*/\1/'`
#who command is used to get last reboot time, awk for processing output
Last Reboot Time : `who -b | awk '{print $3,$4}'`
*********************************************************************
CPU Load - > Threshold < 1 Normal > 1 Caution , > 2 Unhealthy
*********************************************************************
"
#here we check if mpstat command is in our system
MPSTAT=`which mpstat`
#here we get exit code from previous command
MPSTAT=$?
#if exit status in not 0, this means that mpstat command is not found (or not exist in our system)
if [ $MPSTAT != 0 ]
then
echo "Please install mpstat!"
echo "On Debian based systems:"
echo "sudo apt-get install sysstat"
echo "On RHEL based systems:"
echo "yum install sysstat"
else
echo ""
#here we check in same way if lscpu installed
LSCPU=`which lscpu`
LSCPU=$?
if [ $LSCPU != 0 ]
then
RESULT=$RESULT" lscpu required to procedure accurate results"
else
ISOPENVZ=`ifconfig | grep -c venet`
if [ $ISOPENVZ != 0 ]
then
#if we use openvz
cpus=`cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -c processor`
else
#if we have lscpu installed, we can get number of CPU's on our system and get statistic for each using mpstat command.
cpus=`lscpu | grep -e "^CPU(s):" | cut -f2 -d: | awk '{print $1}'`
fi
i=0
#here we make loop to get and print CPU usage statistic for each CPU.
while [ $i -lt $cpus ]
do
#here we get statistic for CPU and print it. Awk command help to do this, since output doesn't allow this to do with grep. AWK check if third value is equal to variable $i (it changes from 0 to number of CPU), and print %usr value for this CPU
echo "CPU$i : `mpstat -P ALL | awk -v var=$i '{ if ($3 == var ) print $4 }' `"
#here we increment $i variable for loop
SHELLENV=`ps | grep $$ | awk '{print $4}'`
if [ $SHELLENV != bash ]
then
i=$((i+1))
else
let i=$i+1
fi
done
fi
echo "
#here with uptime command we get load average for system, and cut command helps to process result.
Load Average : `uptime | awk -F'load average:' '{ print $2 }' | cut -f1 -d,`
#same as before, but with awk command we check if system is Normal (if value less than 1, Caution (if between 1 and 2) and Unhealthy.
Heath Status : `uptime | awk -F'load average:' '{ print $2 }' | cut -f1 -d, | awk '{if ($1 > 2) print "Unhealthy"; else if ($1 > 1) print "Caution"; else print "Normal"}'`
"
fi
echo "
******************************************************************
Process
******************************************************************
Top memory using processs/application
PID %MEM RSS COMMAND
#with ps command we get list of processes, awk show only needed columns. After with sort command we sort it by third column and we need only top 10, that why we used head command
`ps aux | awk '{print $2, $4, $6, $11}' | sort -k3rn | head -n 10`
Top CPU using process/application
#with top command we get top CPU using processes, and with combination of head and tail we get top 10.
`top b -n1 | head -17 | tail -11`
**********************************************************************
Disk Usage - > Threshold < 90 Normal > 90% Caution > 95 Unhealthy
**********************************************************************
"
#we get disk usage with df command. -P key used to have postfix like output (there was problems with network shares, etc and -P resolve this problems). We print output to temp file to work with info more than one.
df -Pkh | grep -v 'Filesystem' > /tmp/df.status
#We create loop to process line by line from df.status
while read DISK
do
#here we get line from df.status and print result formatted with awk command
LINE=`echo $DISK | awk '{print $1,"\t",$6,"\t",$5," used","\t",$4," free space"}'`
echo $LINE
echo
done < /tmp/df.status
echo "
Heath Status"
echo
#here almost same loop, but we check disk usage, and print Normal if value less 90, Caution if between 90 and 95, and Unhealthy if greater than 95)
while read DISK
do
USAGE=`echo $DISK | awk '{print $5}' | cut -f1 -d%`
if [ $USAGE -ge 95 ]
then
STATUS='Unhealthy'
elif [ $USAGE -ge 90 ]
then
STATUS='Caution'
else
STATUS='Normal'
fi
LINE=`echo $DISK | awk '{print $1,"\t",$6}'`
#here we print result with status
echo $LINE "\t\t" $STATUS
echo
done < /tmp/df.status
#here we remove df.status file
rm /tmp/df.status
#here we get Total Memory, Used Memory, Free Memory, Used Swap and Free Swap values and save them to variables.
TOTALMEM=`free -m | head -2 | tail -1| awk '{print $2}'`
#All variables like this is used to store values as float (we are using bc to make all mathematics operations, since without bc all values will be integer). Also we use if to add zero before value, if value less than 1024, and result of dividing will be less than 1.
TOTALBC=`echo "scale=2;if($TOTALMEM < 1024) print 0;$TOTALMEM/1024" |bc -l`
USEDMEM=`free -m | head -2 | tail -1| awk '{print $3}'`
USEDBC=`echo "scale=2;if($USEDMEM < 1024) print 0;$USEDMEM/1024" |bc -l`
FREEMEM=`free -m | head -2 | tail -1| awk '{print $4}'`
FREEBC=`echo "scale=2;if($FREEMEM < 1024) print 0;$FREEMEM/1024" |bc -l`
TOTALSWAP=`free -m | tail -1| awk '{print $2}'`
TOTALSBC=`echo "scale=2;if($TOTALSWAP < 1024) print 0;$TOTALSWAP/1024" |bc -l`
USEDSWAP=`free -m | tail -1| awk '{print $3}'`
USEDSBC=`echo "scale=2;if($USEDSWAP < 1024) print 0;$USEDSWAP/1024" |bc -l`
FREESWAP=`free -m | tail -1| awk '{print $4}'`
FREESBC=`echo "scale=2;if($FREESWAP < 1024) print 0;$FREESWAP/1024" |bc -l`
SHELLENV=`ps | grep $$ | awk '{print $4}'`
if [ $SHELLENV != bash ]
then
ECHO='echo'
else
ECHO='echo -e'
fi
$ECHO "
********************************************************************
Memory
********************************************************************
Physical Memory
Total\tUsed\tFree\t%Free
# as we get values in GB, also we get % of usage dividing Free by Total
${TOTALBC}GB\t${USEDBC}GB \t${FREEBC}GB\t$(($FREEMEM * 100 / $TOTALMEM ))%
Swap Memory
Total\tUsed\tFree\t%Free
#Same as above – values in GB, and in same way we get % of usage
${TOTALSBC}GB\t${USEDSBC}GB\t${FREESBC}GB\t$(($FREESWAP * 100 / $TOTALSWAP ))%
"
}
#here we make filename value, using hostname, and date.
FILENAME="health-`hostname`-`date +%y%m%d`-`date +%H%M`.txt"
#here we run function and save result to generated filename
sysstat > $FILENAME
#here we print output to user.
echo "Reported file $FILENAME generated in current directory." $RESULT
#here we check if user provide his email address to send email
if [ "$EMAIL" != '' ]
then
#if email proviced – we check if we have mailx command to send email
STATUS=`which mail`
#if mailx command not exist on system (previous command returned non-zero exit code we warn user that mailx is not installed
if [ "$?" != 0 ]
then
echo "The program 'mail' is currently not installed."
#if mailx installed, we send email with report to user
else
cat $FILENAME | mail -s "$FILENAME" $EMAIL
fi
fi
执行结果:
ubuntu@localhost:~$ bash LinuxHealthCheck.sh
Reported file health-localhost-161120-0855.txt generated in current directory.
postdrop: warning: unable to look up public/pickup: No such file or directory ====没有安装mail导致,暂不实现
文件中的内容:
Reported file health-localhost-161120-0821.txt generated in current directory.
postdrop: warning: unable to look up public/pickup: No such file or directory
ubuntu@localhost:~$ cat health-localhost-161120-0821.txt
####################################################################
Health Check Report (CPU,Process,Disk Usage, Memory)
####################################################################
#hostname command returns hostname
Hostname : localhost
#uname command with key -r returns Kernel version
Kernel Version : 2.6.32-042stab113.21
#uptime command used to get uptime, and with sed command we cat process output to get only uptime.
Uptime : 139 days
#who command is used to get last reboot time, awk for processing output
Last Reboot Time : Jul 3
*********************************************************************
CPU Load - > Threshold < 1 Normal > 1 Caution , > 2 Unhealthy
*********************************************************************
Please install mpstat!
On Debian based systems:
sudo apt-get install sysstat
On RHEL based systems:
yum install sysstat
******************************************************************
Process
******************************************************************
Top memory using processs/application
PID %MEM RSS COMMAND
#with ps command we get list of processes, awk show only needed columns. After with sort command we sort it by third column and we need only top 10, that why we used head command
7742 1.5 4108 sshd:
324 0.9 2388 /usr/bin/python
7754 0.8 2324 -bash
7753 0.7 1964 sshd:
64 0.6 1692 /lib/systemd/systemd-journald
332 0.6 1644 /usr/bin/python3
25308 0.5 1384 awk
296 0.5 1312 /usr/sbin/openvpn
25307 0.4 1160 ps
372 0.3 812 ss-server
Top CPU using process/application
#with top command we get top CPU using processes, and with combination of head and tail we get top 10.
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+
1 root 20 0 36928 704 536 S 0.0 0.3 1:59.82
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00
64 root 20 0 31104 1692 1584 S 0.0 0.6 0:22.97
66 root 20 0 41464 336 284 S 0.0 0.1 0:13.80
293 systemd+ 20 0 26520 528 448 S 0.0 0.2 3:14.20
296 root 20 0 31336 1312 924 S 0.0 0.5 1:55.78
299 root 20 0 69880 624 512 S 0.0 0.2 0:02.60
324 root 20 0 56732 2388 868 S 0.0 0.9 28:10.30
332 root 20 0 292564 1644 716 S 0.0 0.6 16:14.72
**********************************************************************
Disk Usage - > Threshold < 90 Normal > 90% Caution > 95 Unhealthy
**********************************************************************
/dev/simfs / 11% used 11G free space
devtmpfs /dev 0% used 128M free space
tmpfs /dev/shm 0% used 128M free space
tmpfs /run 13% used 112M free space
tmpfs /run/lock 0% used 5.0M free space
tmpfs /sys/fs/cgroup 0% used 128M free space
none /run/shm 0% used 128M free space
Heath Status
/dev/simfs / Normal
devtmpfs /dev Normal
tmpfs /dev/shm Normal
tmpfs /run Normal
tmpfs /run/lock Normal
tmpfs /sys/fs/cgroup Normal
none /run/shm Normal
********************************************************************
Memory
********************************************************************
Physical Memory
Total Used Free %Free
# as we get values in GB, also we get % of usage dividing Free by Total
0.25GB 0.15GB 0.08GB 35%
Swap Memory
Total Used Free %Free
#Same as above – values in GB, and in same way we get % of usage
0.12GB 0.03GB 0.09GB 73%