到了澳门大学后,再次沦落为小组的网管,能者多劳吗?其实是第一次升级内核,所以特别记录一下。
过程
网络上找的信息是,就以下几步:
1. sudo apt update (更新软件源)
2. sudo apt upgrade (更新内核相关的包)
3. sudo apt dist-upgrade
4. sudo apt-get autoremove
5. sudo apt install update-manager-core
6. sudo do-release-upgrade
后面验证确实就是这么几步。整个过程并不是一帆风顺,中间出了点问题。
中间的问题 1
在第二步(sudo apt upgrade)的时候,说没有要升级的。然后使用 sudo apt full-upgrade。然后进行后面几步,最后出现如下问题:
Processing triggers for sgml-base (1.29) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
ubuntu-desktop
Exception during pm.DoInstall(): E:Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
Could not install the upgrades
The upgrade has aborted. Your system could be in an unusable state. A
recovery will run now (dpkg --configure -a).
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:
ubuntu-desktop depends on gdm3; however:
Package gdm3 is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on gnome-shell; however:
Package gnome-shell is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on software-properties-gtk; however:
Package software-properties-gtk is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of software-properties-common:
gnupg (2.2.4-1ubuntu1) breaks software-properties-common (<= 0.96.24.3) and is installed.
Version of software-properties-common to be configured is 0.96.20.10.
dpkg: error processing package software-properties-common (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
ubuntu-desktop
software-properties-common
Upgrade complete
The upgrade has completed but there were errors during the upgrade
process.
To continue please press [ENTER]
我去,我当场就爆炸了,这个服务器上有重要的数据,这个黑锅有点太太大了。
然后开始疯狂的 google 相关信息。因为我知道原来服务器图形界面登录有问题的,只能通过终端登录。从字面的描述看是 gnome 有问题,没有成功安装。但是的想法就是能否用终端来安装 gnome。查了好些资料,使用资料的方法也就是 sudo apt install gnome 等等,都是说没有找到包。
后面静心想想了,是不是更新源的问题。
立马将 /etc/apt/source.list 的源改为阿里源,原来是用香港中文大学的源。
然后再次使用上面的命令一个一个去运行。经过一个多小时的耐心等待。终于将 16.04 升级到 18.04。
终于没有接到黑锅。其实我早有将重要数据备份到服务器的另外一个物理硬盘。嘿嘿。
总结
好多问题都是因为源提供的软件不全导致的。
另外鄙视一下澳门大学,竟然没有找到 Ubuntu 的升级源。