Problem Description
Given a number N, you are asked to count the number of integers between A and B inclusive which are relatively prime to N.
Two integers are said to be co-prime or relatively prime if they have no common positive divisors other than 1 or, equivalently, if their greatest common divisor is 1. The number 1 is relatively prime to every integer.
Input
The first line on input contains T (0 < T <= 100) the number of test cases, each of the next T lines contains three integers A, B, N where (1 <= A <= B <= 1015) and (1 <=N <= 109).
Output
For each test case, print the number of integers between A and B inclusive which are relatively prime to N. Follow the output format below.
Sample Input
2
1 10 2
3 15 5
Sample Output
Case #1: 5
Case #2: 10
Hint
In the first test case, the five integers in range [1,10] which are relatively prime to 2 are {1,3,5,7,9}.
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
vector<ll>Div;
ll Solve(ll A,ll B,int N)
{
Div.clear();
int len;
for (int i = 2;i*i<=N; i++)
{
if (N%i == 0)
{
len = Div.size();
Div.push_back(i*(-1));
while (N%i == 0)
N = N / i;
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++)
Div.push_back(Div[j] * i*(-1));
}
}
if (N > 1)
{
len = Div.size();
Div.push_back(N*(-1));
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++)
Div.push_back(Div[j] * N*(-1));
}
ll sum = B - A + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < Div.size(); i++)
{
sum = sum - (A-1) / Div[i];
sum = sum + B / Div[i];
}
return sum;
}
int main()
{
int T, n;
ll a, b;
scanf("%d", &T);
for (int i = 1; i <= T; i++)
{
scanf("%lld%lld%d", &a, &b, &n);
ll number = Solve(a, b, n);
printf("Case #%d: %lld\n", i, number);
}
return 0;
}