Ubuntu 安装配置
安装Ubuntu的坑
- 安装系统的时候最好选上安装更新,否则等进了系统换源之后再更新会报错更新失败,安装包时缺很多很多依赖,都得自己手动装很麻烦,我把apt源换回去之后才能正常打开软件 更新 去更新软件
- 实际测试,换源清华更新失败,在软件与更新中选择其他源站,选择阿里源更新成功了。
- 我要在ubuntu上跑stylegan2,想着下个ubuntu装上就行,结果第一次 ubuntu20.10装好了发现版本太新,而且不是lts版本,有问题查不到解决方案,共享都开不开,不知道是不是bug
- 换ubuntu20.04 lts ,然后下载cuda cudnn时候发现,stylegan指定的版本cuda10.0 ,对应的ubuntu版本是18
- 从官网找旧版本ubuntu的下载,结果找到了一个18的迅雷种子。下载之后各种安装各种崩溃,报错好像是硬盘出问题似的,崩溃之后再用ubuntu的安装盘就很难进去安装引导了。
- 下载winpe,刷windows的pe进去,用分区工具把系统盘格式化才能重新进ubuntu的安装引导 然后各种崩溃 。
- 恶心了半天之后,在官网重新找链接,找到了不是种子的链接,找直接下载的链接,下载出来的镜像安装成功。
apt换源
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sourses.list.backup
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
用一下内容覆盖/etc/apt/sources.list的内容
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
然后执行
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
安装ag搜索
sudo apt -y install silversearcher-ag
安装ssh
sudo apt install openssh-server
安装网络工具
sudo apt install net-tools
至此,可以使用远程ssh登录了
安装oh my zsh
sudo apt install libcurl3-gnutls
sudo apt install curl
sudo apt install git
sudo apt install vim
sudo vim /etc/hosts # 修改hosts,现在的github被墙了,改下才能访问
插入如下内容
#*********************github 2020-11-18 update********************
151.101.1.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
185.199.110.153 assets-cdn.github.com
185.199.108.153 documentcloud.github.com
140.82.113.3 gist.github.com
151.101.0.133 gist.githubusercontent.com
185.199.111.154 github.githubassets.com
185.199.110.154 help.github.com
140.82.112.10 nodeload.github.com
199.232.96.133 raw.github.com
140.82.113.17 status.github.com
185.199.109.153 training.github.com
151.101.192.133 avatars0.githubusercontent.com
151.101.64.133 avatars1.githubusercontent.com
151.101.128.133 avatars2.githubusercontent.com
151.101.0.133 avatars3.githubusercontent.com
151.101.0.133 avatars4.githubusercontent.com
151.101.0.133 avatars5.githubusercontent.com
151.101.128.133 avatars6.githubusercontent.com
151.101.64.133 avatars7.githubusercontent.com
151.101.64.133 avatars8.githubusercontent.com
140.82.112.9 codeload.github.com
151.101.128.133 camo.githubusercontent.com
199.232.96.133 raw.githubusercontent.com
151.101.0.133 cloud.githubusercontent.com
151.101.192.133 user-images.githubusercontent.com
185.199.109.153 customer-stories-feed.github.com
185.199.108.153 pages.github.com
140.82.114.6 api.github.com
140.82.112.25 live.github.com
140.82.113.30 githubapp.com
140.82.114.4 github.com
安装zsh
sudo apt install -y zsh
安装 oh my zsh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
嫌弃github clone的慢的,可以把https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh下载出来,修改github地址里的github.com为github.com.cnpmjs.org,下载加速,但是这个仓库夠小,等一会也还好
下载 zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
替换.zshrc的plugin
emacs别名
plugins=(
git
wd
catimg
rsync
zsh-autosuggestions
last-working-dir
)
alias em='export TERM="xterm-256color";emacs'
上面的代码 plugins替换zshrc里的plugins
alias写到随便一行
保存退出,
source ~/.zshrc
使修改生效
交换左ctrl和CapsLock 换键
在~/.zshrc 写入
/usr/bin/setxkbmap -option "ctrl:swapcaps"
执行source ~/.zshrc
使修改生效
nvidia 驱动,cuda, cudnn 安装
nvidia驱动安装:
方法一用命令安装 但是速度较慢
把显卡驱动加入PPA
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers
sudo apt-get update
ubuntu-drivers devices
查看,带recommended的是推荐版本
安装驱动
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-460
方法二 直接下载安装
查找合适驱动,下载安装
chmod a+x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-460.32.03.run
sudo apt-get install build-essential # 安装gcc 驱动要求
sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-460.32.03.run # 不加sudo给我报了个很牛逼的错。。
nvidia-smi
出现上图,说明安装成功
sudo reboot
重启一下
cuda10.0安装
安装依赖
sudo apt-get install freeglut3-dev libx11-dev libxmu-dev libxi-dev libgl1-mesa-glx libglu1-mesa libglu1-mesa-dev
安装cuda
chmod a+x ./cuda_10.0.130_410.48_linux.run
sudo ./cuda_10.0.130_410.48_linux.run
会有如下需要输入选项的,我的选择:
Do you accept the previously read EULA?
accept/decline/quit: accept
Install NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64 410.48?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: no
Install the CUDA 10.0 Toolkit?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: yes
Enter Toolkit Location
[ default is /usr/local/cuda-10.0 ]:
Do you want to install a symbolic link at /usr/local/cuda?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: yes
Install the CUDA 10.0 Samples?
(y)es/(n)o/(q)uit: no
环境变量
写入~/.zshrc
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.0/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
cudnn 7.5安装
tar -zxvf cudnn-10.0-linux-x64-v7.5.0.56.solitairetheme8
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h
复制.emacs.d .spacemacs.d 到home目录下
stylegan2
clone:git clone https://github.com.cnpmjs.org/NVlabs/stylegan2.git
进到stylegan2目录里,执行
nvcc test_nvcc.cu -o test_nvcc -run
输出应该是
CPU Says hello.
GPU Says hello.
不对的话重启一下,安装驱动需要重启 sudo reboot
安装Anaconda3
官网下载 Anaconda3-2020.11-Linux-x86_64.sh
chmod a+x Anaconda3-2020.11-Linux-x86_64.sh
./Anaconda3-2020.11-Linux-x86_64.sh
无脑回车,有个输入yes no的是接受啥协议呢吧,输入yes
不知道为啥,执行完之后环境变量写入到.bashrc里去了,把如下段写入到.zshrc里面确保python能生效
# >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/home/wangkun/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
eval "$__conda_setup"
else
if [ -f "/home/wangkun/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
. "/home/wangkun/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
else
export PATH="/home/wangkun/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<
执行python,看下有没有conda的提示
conda换源
vim ~/.condarc 写入如下内容
channels:
- defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
完成后检查
conda config --show channels
conda clean -i # 确保换源成功
pip换源
写入如下内容到~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
conda python tensorflow-gpu环境
conda create -n tf python=3.7
conda activate tf
pip install tensorflow-gpu=1.14
pip install pillow requests
编译emacs 编译vterm
apt 安装emacs27
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common # 安装add-apt-repository
sudo apt update
sudo apt install emacs27
编译安装emacs
编译安装cmake-3.19.0.tar.gz
- 安装cmake之前需要确认已经安装make、gcc、g++,用make -v | gcc -v | g++ -v可查看是否已经安装,如果没有安装用apt-get安装一下(也可从源码安装):
sudo apt-get install gcc
sudo apt-get install g++
sudo apt-get install make
我这还缺了个libssh-dev,安装sudo apt install libssh-dev
tar -zxvf cmake-3.19.0.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.19.0
./bootstrap
make -j6 # 我6核cpu,用了6线程编译,也可以不用-j6,单核编译
sudo make install
编译安装emacs
xz -d emacs-27.1.tar.xz
tar -xvf emacs-27.1.tar
sudo apt-get install build-essential automake texinfo libjpeg-dev libncurses5-dev
sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev libgif-dev libpng-dev libxpm-dev libgtk-3-dev libgnutls28-dev
cd emacs-27.1/
# read INSTALL.REPO
./autogen.sh
# configure recommended I add --with-mailutils
./configure --with-mailutils --prefix="/usr/local"
make
# check it's working
src/emacs --version
> GNU Emacs 27.0.50
# run it
src/emacs &
# install it globally
sudo make install
vterm 安装编译github加速,我是下载一直卡着不会到下一步
- ubuntu上装了emacs,安装vterm之后还需要安装 vterm-module
删除 ~/.emacs.d/elpa/vterm-*** 目录,启动emacs时候会重新下载 - 先在 ~/.emacs.d/elpa/vterm-*** 中查找替换github.com 为github.com.cnpmjs.org
- 注意打开emacs先不要编译,先替换,不然编译失败之后很多编译出来的文件里面也会有github.com的链接,替换比较麻烦
- 直接写hosts 依然不能下载github的libvterm仓库,不知道为啥,所以改了源文件中的仓库地址
编译
- 编译需要安装cmake的3.15以上的版本(记得是,反正自带的ubuntu版本太低)
- 安装完cmake我好想是因为提前装了conda,里面带了一些库,但是不全,编译报错 conda x86_64-cos6-linux-gnu-cc not found,所以我 执行了conda install gxx_linux-64 安装,之后就编译通过了。
Ubuntu配置
- 设置-共享-远程桌面打开,安装xrdp,windows用vnc方式连接远程桌面
- 安装ssh 可以直接远程ssh登录,桌面卵用不大
- 终端开emacs:
alias em='export TERM="xterm-256color";emacs -nw;'
直接开的emacs,配置里的字号大小没用,字特别小 - 改键盘,大写键和左CTRL交换:
/usr/bin/setxkbmap -option "ctrl:swapcaps"
这行写进bashrc里 - conda apt pip 换源