python matplotlib 绘制柱状图的纹理

原文地址 https://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/hatch_demo.html
效果图：

"""
Hatching (pattern filled polygons) is supported currently in the PS,
PDF, SVG and Agg backends only.
"""
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Ellipse, Polygon

fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(131)
ax1.bar(range(1, 5), range(1, 5), color='red', edgecolor='black', hatch="/")
ax1.bar(range(1, 5), [6] * 4, bottom=range(1, 5), color='blue', edgecolor='black', hatch='//')
ax1.set_xticks([1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5])

ax2 = fig.add_subplot(132)
bars = ax2.bar(range(1, 5), range(1, 5), color='yellow', ecolor='black') + \
    ax2.bar(range(1, 5), [6] * 4, bottom=range(1, 5), color='green', ecolor='black')
ax2.set_xticks([1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5])

patterns = ('-', '+', 'x', '\\', '*', 'o', 'O', '.')
for bar, pattern in zip(bars, patterns):
    bar.set_hatch(pattern)

ax3 = fig.add_subplot(133)
ax3.fill([1, 3, 3, 1], [1, 1, 2, 2], fill=False, hatch='\\')
ax3.add_patch(Ellipse((4, 1.5), 4, 0.5, fill=False, hatch='*'))
ax3.add_patch(Polygon([[0, 0], [4, 1.1], [6, 2.5], [2, 1.4]], closed=True,
                      fill=False, hatch='/'))
ax3.set_xlim((0, 6))
ax3.set_ylim((0, 2.5))

plt.show()