字符设备驱动编写步骤

1.标准字符设备驱动
  a.注册设备号 如   
if(key_major) /*静态注册*/
        err = register_chrdev_region(devno, 1, DEVICE_NAME);
    else
    {    /*动态注册*/
        err = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 1, DEVICE_NAME);
        key_major = MAJOR(devno);
    }
 

 b.内存申请给cdev（当cdev定义为指针时)然后调用以下函数进行设备初始化并添加该设备

void cdev_init(struct cdev *cdev, const struct file_operations *fops)
int cdev_add(struct cdev *p, dev_t dev, unsigned count)

 

  c.如需在/dev下自动创建设备，需调用如下函数

struct class *key_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, name);
struct device *device_create(struct class *class, struct device *parent,dev_t devt, void *drvdata, const char *fmt, ...)
 

*classs 就是class_create返回的key_class；parent如没有就设为NULL；devt设备号；drvdata 如无就为NULL，后面的就是设备名称。也可调用mknod 手动创建设备节点。

自此设备已经成功添加，一下的工作就时完成file_operations中相应函数就好了。

struct file_operations {
        struct module *owner;
        loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);
        ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
        ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
        ssize_t (*aio_read) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);
        ssize_t (*aio_write) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);
        int (*readdir) (struct file *, void *, filldir_t);
        unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll_table_struct *);
        int (*ioctl) (struct inode *, struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
        long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
        long (*compat_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
        int (*mmap) (struct file *, struct vm_area_struct *);
        int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *);
        int (*flush) (struct file *, fl_owner_t id);
        int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *);
        int (*fsync) (struct file *, struct dentry *, int datasync);
        int (*aio_fsync) (struct kiocb *, int datasync);
        int (*fasync) (int, struct file *, int);
        int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
        ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int);
        unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
        int (*check_flags)(int);
        int (*flock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
        ssize_t (*splice_write)(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct file *, loff_t *, size_t, unsigned int);
        ssize_t (*splice_read)(struct file *, loff_t *, struct pipe_inode_info *, size_t, unsigned int);
        int (*setlease)(struct file *, long, struct file_lock **);
};

 

早期解决的办法

不使用cdev接口

int register_chrdev(unsigned int major, const char *name,struct file_operations * fops);

注册主设备号

result = register_chrdev(sculll_major,"scull",&scull_fops);

if () {

    printk();

    return result;

}

if (scull_major == 0) scull_major =result;