通过基类调用子类中override 、 new 方法和构造函数的表现

1. /*
2.  * Created by SharpDevelop.
3.  * User: Administrator
4.  * Date: 2008-9-8
5.  * Time: 8:24
6.  * 
7.  * To change this template use Tools | Options | Coding | Edit Standard Headers.
8.  */
9. using System;
11. namespace TestNewMethodandOverride
12. {
13.     class Shape
14.     {
15.         public Shape()
16.         {
17.             Console.WriteLine("Shape.Shape() is called");
18.         }
19.         public Shape(int r)
20.         {
21.             Console.WriteLine("Shape.Shape(int) is called");
22.         }       
23.         public  virtual void Draw()
24.         {
25.             Console.WriteLine("Shape.Draw() is called");
26.         }
27.     }
28.     class Circle:Shape
29.     {
30.         public Circle()
31.         {
32.             Console.WriteLine("Circle.Circle() is called");
33.         }
34.         public Circle(int r)
35.         {
36.             Console.WriteLine("Circle.Circle(int) is called");
37.         }
38.         public  override void Draw()
39.         {
40.             Console.WriteLine("Circle.Draw() is called");
41.         }
42.     }
43.     class Rect:Shape
44.     {
45.         public Rect()
46.         {
47.             Console.WriteLine("Rect.Rect() is called");
48.         }
49.         public Rect(int r):base(r)
50.         {
51.             Console.WriteLine("Rect.Rect(int) is called");
52.         }
53.         public  override void Draw()
54.         {
55.             Console.WriteLine("Rect.Draw() is called");
56.         }
57.     }
58.     class Strange:Shape
59.     {
60.         public Strange()
61.         {
62.             Console.WriteLine("Strange.Strange() is called");
63.         }
64.         public  new void Draw()
65.         {
66.             Console.WriteLine("Strange.Draw() is called");
67.         }
68.     }
69.     class Program
70.     {
71.         public static void Main(string[] args)
72.         {
73.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝new()＝＝＝");
74.             //在子类默认构造函数被调用前父类的默认构造函数首先被调用
75.             Shape [] shape={new Circle(),new Rect(),new Strange()};
76.             
77.             //子类重载的方法和基类方法同一入口即基类方法“消失”了
78.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝Draw()＝＝＝");
79.             foreach(Shape i in shape)
80.                 i.Draw();
81.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝Strange＝＝＝");
82.             //但是new方法例外，他和基类方法只是同名而不是同一入口
83.             //两个同名方法需要显式的调用
84.             Strange f = new Strange();
85.             f.Draw();
86.             ((Shape) f).Draw();
87.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝Circle＝＝＝");
88.             //在子类自定义构造函数被调用前父类的默认构造函数首先被调用
89.             //public Circle(int r)
90.             Circle c =new Circle(10);
91.             c.Draw();
92.             //通过基类调用方法（重载的）仍能正确映射到子类方法
93.             ((Shape) c).Draw();
94.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝Rect＝＝＝");
95.             //在子类自定义构造函数被调用前父类的默认构造函数首先被调用
96.             //除非子类自定义构造函数显示的调用基类自定义构造函数
97.             //public Cect(int r):base(r)
98.             Rect r =new Rect(10);
99.             r.Draw();
100.             //通过基类调用方法（重载的）仍能正确映射到子类方法
101.             ((Shape) r).Draw();
102.             
103.             Console.WriteLine("＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝");
104.             
105.             Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
106.             Console.ReadKey(true);
107.         }
108.     }
109. }