音频编码ES8311调试笔记(一)

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已于 2025-04-11 20:54:29 修改

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文章标签：音视频笔记

于 2025-04-01 19:03:20 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/keren101/article/details/146919572

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音频编码ES8311调试笔记(一)

立创实战派用了ES7210作音频输入，ES8311做音频输出，同样都是I2S设备，在学习过程中，发现例程中对两个芯片的工作模式并没有采用一样的，ES7210是TDM模式，ES8311是标准模式，很容易让人想到这样可能全双工就不能实现了，后面研究完寄存器再做统一处理，暂时先按官方例程进行解读。

ES8311初始化过程

初始化前的准备，

首先要知道：主机使用的I2C的端口，从机I2C的地址
然后，根据官方定义的变量\

typedef struct es8311_clock_config_t {
    bool mclk_inverted;
    bool sclk_inverted;
    bool mclk_from_mclk_pin; // true: from MCLK pin (pin no. 2), false: from SCLK pin (pin no. 6)
    int  mclk_frequency;     // This parameter is ignored if MCLK is taken from SCLK pin
    int  sample_frequency;   // in Hz
} es8311_clock_config_t;

mclk_inverted和sclk_inverted是为了适配硬件反相的，ES8311不用改。
需要知道的硬件内容有：
用来设置时钟参数，包括：
主机发送的MCLK信号从哪个引脚接入，2脚还是6脚
MCLK倍频系数
采样率

初始化过程

对寄存器(0x00)写入0x1f,延时20毫秒后写入0x00,0x80，完成复位重启。

对寄存器(0x01)写入：

根据硬件内容对时钟管理寄存器REG01进行设置

centered 第7位	centered 第6 位	centered 第5 位	centered 第4 位	centered 第3 位	centered 第2 位	centered 第1 位	centered 第0 位
MCLK 输入选择 0是从MCLK引脚，1是从BCLK引脚	MCLK 反相控制	MCLK 输入控制	SDP 位时钟控制	ADC 数字时钟控制	DAC 数字时钟控制	ADC 模拟时钟控制	DAC 模拟时钟控制

例如：MCLK从2脚接入，各引脚信号不反相，最后内容为(0X3F)

对寄存器(0X06)写入：

先读出0X06寄存器内容，默认值是0X03，根据sclk_inverted内容，对其中第5位进行设置，默认不反相时，默认值不用动

对和时钟设置有关的寄存器(0X02)(0X03)(0X04)(0X05)(0X06)(0X07)(0X08)写入数据：

这段首先通过查表程序

/* 查表程序*/
static int get_coeff(uint32_t mclk, uint32_t rate)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < (sizeof(coeff_div) / sizeof(coeff_div[0])); i++) {
        if (coeff_div[i].rate == rate && coeff_div[i].mclk == mclk) {
            return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

查预先定义好的表

static const struct _coeff_div coeff_div[] = {
    /*!<mclk     rate   pre_div  mult  adc_div dac_div fs_mode lrch  lrcl  bckdiv osr */
    /* 8k */
    {12288000, 8000, 0x06, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 8000, 0x03, 0x01, 0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x05, 0xff, 0x18, 0x10, 0x10},
    {16384000, 8000, 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {8192000, 8000, 0x04, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 8000, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {4096000, 8000, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 8000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2048000, 8000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 8000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1024000, 8000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 11.025k */
    {11289600, 11025, 0x04, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {5644800, 11025, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2822400, 11025, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1411200, 11025, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 12k */
    {12288000, 12000, 0x04, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 12000, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 12000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 12000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 16k */
    {12288000, 16000, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 16000, 0x03, 0x01, 0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0xff, 0x0c, 0x10, 0x10},
    {16384000, 16000, 0x04, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {8192000, 16000, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 16000, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {4096000, 16000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 16000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2048000, 16000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 16000, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1024000, 16000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 22.05k */
    {11289600, 22050, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {5644800, 22050, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2822400, 22050, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1411200, 22050, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {705600, 22050, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 24k */
    {12288000, 24000, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 24000, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 24000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 24000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 24000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 32k */
    {12288000, 32000, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 32000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0xff, 0x0c, 0x10, 0x10},
    {16384000, 32000, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {8192000, 32000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 32000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {4096000, 32000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 32000, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2048000, 32000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 32000, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1024000, 32000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 44.1k */
    {11289600, 44100, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {5644800, 44100, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2822400, 44100, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1411200, 44100, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 48k */
    {12288000, 48000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 48000, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 48000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 48000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 48000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 64k */
    {12288000, 64000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 64000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x06, 0x10, 0x10},
    {16384000, 64000, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {8192000, 64000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 64000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x06, 0x10, 0x10},
    {4096000, 64000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 64000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x06, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2048000, 64000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 64000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0xbf, 0x03, 0x18, 0x18},
    {1024000, 64000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 88.2k */
    {11289600, 88200, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {5644800, 88200, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {2822400, 88200, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1411200, 88200, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x10, 0x10},

    /* 96k */
    {12288000, 96000, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {18432000, 96000, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {6144000, 96000, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {3072000, 96000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x04, 0x10, 0x10},
    {1536000, 96000, 0x01, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x10, 0x10},
};

获得数据后写入寄存器(0X02)(0X03)(0X04)(0X05)(0X06)(0X07)(0X08)

/* 调用查表程序并写入寄存器*/
esp_err_t es8311_sample_frequency_config(es8311_handle_t dev, int mclk_frequency, int sample_frequency)
{
    uint8_t regv;

    /* Get clock coefficients from coefficient table 查表获得相关值*/
    int coeff = get_coeff(mclk_frequency, sample_frequency);

    if (coeff < 0) {
        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Unable to configure sample rate %dHz with %dHz MCLK", sample_frequency, mclk_frequency);
        return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
    }

    const struct _coeff_div *const selected_coeff = &coeff_div[coeff];

    /* register 0x02 */
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_read_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG02, &regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");
    regv &= 0x07;
    regv |= (selected_coeff->pre_div - 1) << 5;
    regv |= selected_coeff->pre_multi << 3;
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG02, regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x03 */
    const uint8_t reg03 = (selected_coeff->fs_mode << 6) | selected_coeff->adc_osr;
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG03, reg03), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x04 */
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG04, selected_coeff->dac_osr), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x05 */
    const uint8_t reg05 = ((selected_coeff->adc_div - 1) << 4) | (selected_coeff->dac_div - 1);
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG05, reg05), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x06 */
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_read_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG06, &regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");
    regv &= 0xE0;

    if (selected_coeff->bclk_div < 19) {
        regv |= (selected_coeff->bclk_div - 1) << 0;
    } else {
        regv |= (selected_coeff->bclk_div) << 0;
    }

    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG06, regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x07 */
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_read_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG07, &regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");
    regv &= 0xC0;
    regv |= selected_coeff->lrck_h << 0;
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG07, regv), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    /* register 0x08 */
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_CLK_MANAGER_REG08, selected_coeff->lrck_l), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    return ESP_OK;
}

对寄存器(0X09)(0X0A)写入：

这段主要是设置要播放的音频格式，具体要根据待播放的音频数据进行设置

static esp_err_t es8311_fmt_config(es8311_handle_t dev, const es8311_resolution_t res_in, const es8311_resolution_t res_out)
{
    uint8_t reg09 = 0; // SDP In
    uint8_t reg0a = 0; // SDP Out

    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "ES8311 in Slave mode and I2S format");
    uint8_t reg00;
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_read_reg(dev, ES8311_RESET_REG00, &reg00), TAG, "I2C read/write error");
    reg00 &= 0xBF;
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_RESET_REG00, reg00), TAG, "I2C read/write error"); // Slave serial port - default

    /* Setup SDP In and Out resolution */
    es8311_resolution_config(res_in, &reg09);
    es8311_resolution_config(res_out, &reg0a);

    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SDPIN_REG09, reg09), TAG, "I2C read/write error");
    ESP_RETURN_ON_ERROR(es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SDPOUT_REG0A, reg0a), TAG, "I2C read/write error");

    return ESP_OK;
}

对寄存器(0X0D)(0X0E)(0X12)(0X13)(0X1C)(0X37) 写入，主要是配置一些模拟电路，暂时参考官方给的值能用就行

es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SYSTEM_REG0D, 0x01); // Power up analog circuitry - NOT default
es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SYSTEM_REG0E, 0x02); // Enable analog PGA, enable ADC modulator - NOT default
es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SYSTEM_REG12, 0x00); // power-up DAC - NOT default
es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SYSTEM_REG13, 0x10); // Enable output to HP drive - NOT default
es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_ADC_REG1C, 0x6A); // ADC Equalizer bypass, cancel DC offset in digital domain
es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_DAC_REG37, 0x08); // Bypass DAC equalizer - NOT default

对寄存器(0X32)写入，功能是设置音量

esp_err_t es8311_voice_volume_set(es8311_handle_t dev, int volume, int *volume_set)
{
    if (volume < 0) {
        volume = 0;
    } else if (volume > 100) {
        volume = 100;
    }

    int reg32;
    if (volume == 0) {
        reg32 = 0;
    } else {
        reg32 = ((volume) * 256 / 100) - 1;
    }

    // provide user with real volume set
    if (volume_set != NULL) {
        *volume_set = volume;
    }
    return es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_DAC_REG32, reg32);
}

对寄存器(0X14)写入0X1A，和麦克风有关，ES8311也有MIC输入，但没接硬件，具体有没有消回声等设置这里暂不细看了，先用官方配置。

esp_err_t es8311_microphone_config(es8311_handle_t dev, bool digital_mic)
{
    uint8_t reg14 = 0x1A; // enable analog MIC and max PGA gain

    /* PDM digital microphone enable or disable */
    if (digital_mic) {
        reg14 |= BIT(6);
    }
    es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_ADC_REG17, 0xC8); // Set ADC gain @todo move this to ADC config section

    return es8311_write_reg(dev, ES8311_SYSTEM_REG14, reg14);
}