R语言 （进阶）plyr ggplot2 爬虫等学习

1 plyr

（1）思想：利用拆分、运算、结合的并行运算方式实现对数据的处理。同时提供了良好的辅助函数

（2）a*ply()函数

a*ply(.data,.margins,.fun,.progress)
//.data : 处理数组、矩阵
//.margins =1按行  =2按列  =c(1,2)按个元素
//.fun: 执行的函数功能
//.progress: 进度条显示   ="text"  ="win"

a <-matrix(1:21,nrow=3,ncol=7)
aaply(.data=a,.margins=1,.fun=mean)
/*
 1  2  3 
10 11 12 
*/
aaply(a,2,mean)
/*
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7 
 2  5  8 11 14 17 20 
 */
aaply(a,c(1,2),mean)
/*
   X2
X1  1 2 3  4  5  6  7
  1 1 4 7 10 13 16 19
  2 2 5 8 11 14 17 20
  3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
*/
aaply(a,1,mean,.progress="text")
/*
  |================================================================| 100%
 1  2  3 
10 11 12 
*/

（3）d*ply()函数

d*ply(.data,.variable,.fun)
//data:  data.frame类型
//.variable : 按数据框中的变量分类与输出
//.(sex,age)  按sex age分类，并输出sex age为变量的数据框
//.fun: function()

names <-c('John','Marry','Alice','Peter','Roger','Pepe')
age <-c(23,54,21,63,32,14)
sex <-c('M','F','M','F','M','M')
people <-data.frame(names,age,sex)
amean <-function(data)
+ {
+     return(mean(data[,2]))
+ }
ddply(people,.(sex),amean)
/*
  sex   V1
1   F 58.5
2   M 22.5
*/
ddply(people,.(sex,age),amean)
/*
  sex age V1
1   F  54 54
2   F  63 63
3   M  14 14
4   M  21 21
5   M  23 23
6   M  32 32
*/
daply(people,.(sex),amean)
/*
   F    M 
58.5 22.5 
*/

（3）l*ply()函数 *_ply()函数

l*ply(.data,.fun)
//l*ply: 直接对list变量进行分类执行函数

a <-c(1,2,3,4,5)
b <-c(1,2,4)
c <-c(1,2)
d <-list(a,b,c)
llply(d,mean)
/*
[[1]]
[1] 3

[[2]]
[1] 2.333333

[[3]]
[1] 1.5
*/

（4）m_ply()批量系数操作函数

m_ply(data,.fun)
//data: fun()函数中的系数数据框

data <-data.frame(n=c(10,100,50),mean=c(5,5,10),sd=c(1,2,1))
mlply(data,rnorm)  //批量操作正态分布函数
/*
$`1`
 [1] 3.336331 5.491110 4.825945 5.961291 5.293827 5.080999 5.183662
 [8] 5.166255 3.730401 7.349493

$`2`
  [1]  2.1759892  4.9660770  3.9113613  8.6002247  7.0228804  3.8725669
  [7]  5.4108416  7.3309239  9.4726457  5.6045302  2.9149868  3.0329154
 [13]  9.0114372  0.8588570 11.1114847  4.4772988  4.0912135  5.3151211
 [19]  6.8667775  5.6056566  1.0876996  5.7070734  5.9008490  6.3191017
 [25]  2.9371585  0.2579542  4.3508474  3.1114025  3.4682200  3.0924415
 [31]  4.2039911  4.3775659  6.5921854  6.9728567  3.4109367  4.3823641
 [37]  5.7228895  7.7975822  4.8878592  1.6022530  5.4637051  4.7618187
 [43]  8.5449857  5.6868443  3.7539004  4.1209554  3.9894064  5.3720703
 [49]  5.3528356  6.8316964  5.6403535  4.2666254  3.1187774  6.2694059
 [55]  4.8750230  5.3656757  7.2072820  8.5040712  3.0923671  8.2881609
 [61]  3.2665329  5.5327044  5.4447410  4.4461830  7.7885061  3.6821760
 [67]  6.3210626  4.9734886  3.1370394  7.4293783  0.8233193  3.9476951
 [73]  1.9171949  5.3886421  5.5288451  2.7625297  6.3019059  2.9341995
 [79]  6.3184030  5.4756588  6.4305519  3.1230339  5.1907080  4.0743612
 [85]  2.0622357  5.3053730  8.5475252  3.7038581  4.6003650  6.3784875
 [91]  5.0722910  8.8870726  6.4744275  9.6426679  5.6978187  2.7321667
 [97]  5.8426705  3.1508875  2.9858753  4.6210513

$`3`
 [1] 10.933917 10.343910 10.814020 10.915341  9.828148  7.597769 10.795907
 [8] 12.169116 10.058383  8.645086  9.632449  9.065482  9.958361 10.676112
[15] 10.866436 10.235175  9.066030 10.813252 11.348319 12.251883  9.506348
[22] 10.474093 11.193692  9.883605 10.524859 10.214421  9.865550 10.168509
[29] 10.964733 10.408779  9.533562  7.760217  9.204937  9.980045  7.485575
[36] 12.210952  8.511238  8.839248 11.457738  7.810124 10.739063  9.655991
[43] 10.455877 10.878110  9.041536  9.294155  7.003051  9.038948 10.380188
[50] 10.505068

attr(,"split_type")
[1] "array"
attr(,"split_labels")
*/