【读书笔记】设计模式（二）——单例模式

定义

确保某一个类只有一个实例，而且自行实例化并向整个系统提供这个实例。

使用场景

确保某个类有且只有一个对象的场景，避免产生多个对象消耗过多的资源，或者某种类型的对象只应该有且只有一个。

常见的实现方式

1、懒汉模式

public class People {

    private static People instance;

    private People(){}

    public static synchronized People getInstance(){
        if (instance == null){
            instance = new People();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

2、饿汉模式

public class People {

    private static People instance = new People();

    private People(){}

    public static People getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }
}

3、Double Check Lock(DCL) (建议使用)

public class People {

    private static People instance;

    private People(){}

    public static People getInstance(){
        if (instance == null){
            synchronized (People.class){
                if (instance == null){
                    instance = new People();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

4、静态内部类 (建议使用)

public class People {

    private People(){}

    public static People getInstance(){
        return PeopleHolder.people;
    }

    private static class PeopleHolder{
        private static final People people = new People();
    }
}

5、枚举