用代码说话: 比较ruby和scala的集合操作each map filter reduce

Ruby

irb(main):001:0> a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
=> [1, 2, 3, 4]
irb(main):002:0> a.map { |x| x * x }
=> [1, 4, 9, 16]
irb(main):003:0> a.select {|x| x % 2 == 0 }
=> [2, 4]
irb(main):004:0> a.inject { |sum, x| sum + x }
=> 10
irb(main):005:0> a.each {|x| print x }
1234=> [1, 2, 3, 4]
irb(main):006:0> h = { :one => 1, :two => 2 }
=> {:one=>1, :two=>2}
irb(main):007:0> h.each { |key, value| print "#{value}:#{key}; " }
1:one; 2:two; => {:one=>1, :two=>2}


Scala

scala> val a = Array(1, 2, 3, 4)
a: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4)

scala> a.map( (x:Int) => x * x )
res0: Array[Int] = Array(1, 4, 9, 16)

scala> a.map( x => x * x )
res1: Array[Int] = Array(1, 4, 9, 16)
                 
scala> a.filter ( _ % 2 == 0 )
res2: Array[Int] = Array(2, 4)

scala> a.reduceLeft( (x,y) => x + y)
res3: Int = 10

scala> a.reduceLeft( _ + _ )
res4: Int = 10

scala> (0 /: a){ _ + _ }
res5: Int = 10

scala> a foreach print
1234

scala> val h = Map('one -> 1, 'two -> 2)
h: scala.collection.immutable.Map[Symbol,Int] = Map(('one,1), ('two,2))

scala> h.foreach{ it => print("%s:%d " format (it._1, it._2)) }
'one:1 'two:2