OpenCV-Python -- Mouse as a Paint-Brush

学习目标

• 学习处理鼠标事件
• 学习函数：cv2.setMouseCallback()

简单的例子

创建简单的应用，双击图片的任何位置，画出几何形状-圆。
首先创建鼠标回调函数，当点击鼠标时，执行回调函数（callback function）。鼠标事件包括 left-button down, left-button up, left-button double-click 等。对于每一次鼠标事件，会返回相应的坐标（x，y）。有了事件和位置，我们可以做任何事情。获得所有提供的鼠标事件，运行如下代码：

import cv2
events = [i for i in dir(cv2) if 'EVENT' in i]
print(events)
# outputs:
['EVENT_FLAG_ALTKEY','EVENT_FLAG_CTRLKEY','EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON',
 'EVENT_FLAG_MBUTTON','EVENT_FLAG_RBUTTON','EVENT_FLAG_SHIFTKEY',   
 'EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK','EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN',  'EVENT_LBUTTONUP', 
 'EVENT_MBUTTONDBLCLK', 'EVENT_MBUTTONDOWN', 'EVENT_MBUTTONUP', 
 'EVENT_MOUSEHWHEEL', 'EVENT_MOUSEMOVE', 'EVENT_MOUSEWHEEL', 
 'EVENT_RBUTTONDBLCLK', 'EVENT_RBUTTONDOWN', 'EVENT_RBUTTONUP']

鼠标回调函数具有特定的格式，不同在于函数的作用。所以我们的回调函数只做一件事，当双击鼠标时，画圆。代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np

# mouse callback function
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
    	print(x,y) # 返回圆心左边可以保存，用于数据标注
        cv2.circle(img,(x,y),100,(255,0,0),-1)

# Create a black image, a window and bind the function to window
img = np.zeros((512,512,3), np.uint8)
# img = cv2.imread('2007_000170.jpg')
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)

while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    if cv2.waitKey(20) & 0xFF == 27:
        break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

更加复杂的例子

现在我们给出更好的例子，通过拖曳鼠标，可以画圆或者矩形（取决于选择的模式）。所以，鼠标回调函数有两部分：画圆和画矩形。这个例子可以很好的理解交互应用，比如目标追踪和图像分割等。代码如下：

import cv2
import numpy as np

drawing = False # true if mouse is pressed
mode = True # if True, draw rectangle. Press 'm' to toggle to curve
ix, iy = 5,5


# mouse callback function
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    print('================')
    global ix,iy,drawing,mode
    print(drawing, mode)
    print("ix+iy: ", ix,iy)
    print('enent: ', enent)

    if event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:  # 按下鼠标左键，drawing变为True
        print('#1', cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
        drawing = True
        ix, iy = x, y

    elif event == cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:  # 移动鼠标，不按任何键
        print('#2', cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE)
        if drawing == True:
            if mode == True:
                cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)  # 绿色
            else:
                cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(255,0,255),-1)  # 梅红色

    elif event == cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:  # 松开鼠标左键，drawing变为False
        print('#3', cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP)
        drawing = False
        if mode == True:
            cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy), (x,y), (0,255,255), -1)  # 黄色
        else:
            cv2.circle(img,(x,y),30, (0,0,255),-1)  # 红色


# 绑定OpenCV窗口和回调函数
img = np.zeros((512,512,3), np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image', draw_circle)

while(1):
	# 持续显示图像，那么也就持续调用draw_circle
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    k = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF

    if k == ord('m'):
        print('$: ', k)
        mode = not mode
    elif k == 27:
        break

cv2.destroyAllWindows()