泛型类型的继承规则可能不能凭直觉的来想当然。下面举个例子来看看泛型类型的继承规则。
首先有几个辅助类:
package generic;
public class Person extends Animal {
private String name;
public Person(String name) {
super();
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [name=" + name + "]";
}
}
package generic;
public class Student extends Person {
private String studentNumber;
public Student(String name, String registrationNumber) {
super(name);
this.studentNumber = registrationNumber;
}
public String getStudentNumber() {
return studentNumber;
}
public void setStudentNumber(String studentNumber) {
this.studentNumber = studentNumber;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [studentNumber=" + studentNumber + ", name="
+ getName() + "]";
}
}
下面是测试类:
package generic;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Test2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// test1
/**
* test1说明,虽然Student是Person的子类,但是
* ArrayList<Student>并不是ArrayList<Person>
* 的子类
*/
ArrayList<Student> students= new ArrayList<Student>();
// error
/**
* Type mismatch: cannot convert
* from ArrayList<Student> to ArrayList<Person>
*/
ArrayList<Person> persons = students; // error
// test2
/**
* test2说明ArrayList<Person>是
* List<Student>的子类
*/
List<Student> students2 = students;
}
}
test1和test2说明泛型类型只在类这个维度继承,类型变量必须一样,如ArrayList<E> implements List<E>。