安全认证：Spring Security使用

概念

Spring Security是 Spring 项目组中用来提供安全认证服务的框架。
包括两个操作：

• 认证
• 授权

配置使用

第一步：在pom.xml中导入依赖

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
        </dependency>

第二步：在web.xml中添加filter
注意：springSecurityFilterChain不可更改

	<context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
 	<filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

第三步：创建spring-security.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans          
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd          
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/security          
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
    
    <!-- 配置不拦截的资源 -->
    <security:http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"/>
    <security:http pattern="/failer.jsp" security="none"/>
    <security:http pattern="/css/**" security="none"/>
    <security:http pattern="/img/**" security="none"/>
    <security:http pattern="/plugins/**" security="none"/>
    
    <!-- 
    	配置具体的规则 
    	auto-config="true"	不用自己编写登录的页面，框架提供默认登录页面
    	use-expressions="false"	是否使用SPEL表达式（没学习过）
    -->
    <security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="false">
    	<!-- 配置具体的拦截的规则 pattern="请求路径的规则" access="访问系统的人，必须有ROLE_USER的角色" -->
    	<security:intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/>
    	
    	<!-- 自定义登陆页面，login-page 自定义登陆页面 authentication-failure-url 用户权限校验失败之 后才会跳转到这个页面，如果数据库中没有这个用户则不会跳转到这个页面。 default-target-url 登陆成功后跳转的页面。 注：登陆页面用户名固定 username，密码 password，action:login -->
    	<security:form-login  
    		login-page="/login.jsp"
            username-parameter="username"
            password-parameter="password"
            login-processing-url="/login.do"
            default-target-url="/index.jsp"
            authentication-failure-url="/failer.jsp"
    	/>
    	
    	<!-- 关闭跨域请求 -->
    	<security:csrf disabled="true"/>
    	
    	<!-- 退出 -->
    	<security:logout invalidate-session="true" logout-url="/logout.do" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
    	
    </security:http>
    
    <!-- 切换成数据库中的用户名和密码 -->
    <security:authentication-manager>
    	<security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">
    		<!-- 配置加密的方式 -->
    		<security:password-encoder ref="passwordEncoder"/>
    	</security:authentication-provider>
    </security:authentication-manager>
    
    <!-- 配置加密类 -->
    <bean id="passwordEncoder" class="org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder"/>
    
    <!-- 提供了入门的方式，在内存中存入用户名和密码 
    <security:authentication-manager>
    	<security:authentication-provider>
    		<security:user-service>
    			<security:user name="admin" password="{noop}admin" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
    		</security:user-service>
    	</security:authentication-provider>
    </security:authentication-manager>
    -->
    
 </beans>   

Spring Security使用数据库认证

使用UserDetails、UserDetailsService来完成认证操作。

• UserDetails：一个接口，用于封装当前进行认证的用户信息

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable { 
	Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities(); 
	String getPassword(); 
	String getUsername();
	boolean isAccountNonExpired(); 
	boolean isAccountNonLocked(); 
	boolean isCredentialsNonExpired(); 
	boolean isEnabled(); 
}

由于其是一个接口，所以我们可以对其进行实现，也可以使用Spring Security提供的一个UserDetails的实现类User来完成操作。
以下是User类的部分代码：

public class User implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer { 
	private String password; 
	private final String username; 
	private final Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities; 
	private final boolean accountNonExpired; //帐户是否过期 
	private final boolean accountNonLocked; //帐户是否锁定 
	private final boolean credentialsNonExpired; //认证是否过期 
	private final boolean enabled; //帐户是否可用 
｝

• UserDetailsService
  源码：

public interface UserDetailsService { 
	UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException; 
}

具体操作

service层：
接口

public interface IUserService extends UserDetailsService{
    
}

实现类：

@Service("userService")
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    private IUserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserInfo userInfo = userDao.findByUsername(username);


        User user = new User(userInfo.getUsername(),"{noop}"+userInfo.getPassword(),userInfo.getStatus()==0?false:true,true,true,true,getAuthority(userInfo.getRoles()));
        return null;
    }

    private List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> getAuthority(List<Role> roles) {
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Role role:roles) {
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" +role.getRoleName()));
        }
        return authorities;
    }
}