由于memory 不足而导致fork失败

fork fail for(errno=12, out of memory).

fork因为内存不足而调用失败

because fork need twice memory to spawn a new thread which same with current one.

原因是因为fork时需要的内存和当前的process所使用的内存要一样大，如果当前process使用了很大的内存的话，在fork时，可能会超出系统的内存大小，从而导致fork失败。

how to solve it, there have two method

1. posix_spawn

代码例：

 #include <spawn.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 extern char **environ;
 
 void run_cmd(char *cmd)
 {
     pid_t pid; 
     char *const argv[] = {"sh", "-c", cmd, NULL};
     int status;
     printf("Run command: %s\n", cmd);
     status = posix_spawn(&pid, "/bin/sh", NULL, NULL, argv, environ);
     if (status == 0) { 
         printf("Child pid: %i\n", pid);
         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != -1) {
             printf("Child exited with status %i\n", status);
         } else {
             perror("waitpid");
         }    
     } else {
         printf("posix_spawn: %s\n", strerror(status));
     }    
 }
 
 
     std::stringstream cmd;
     cmd << "ps ax -o pid,rss | grep " << getpid() << " | awk '{print \"rss : \" $2}' >> /tmp/summary.txt";
     std::cout << cmd.str().c_str() << std::endl;
     //get rss and echo to tmp file	 
	 char myCmd[1024];
     strcpy(myCmd, cmd.str().c_str());
     run_cmd(myCmd);

2. echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory //需要root权限

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris10/subprocess-136439.html

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15608347/fork-failing-with-out-of-memory-error

https://blogs.oracle.com/sumitgaur/entry/dirrefent_ways_to_run_system