C++中临时变量

</pre><p><span style="font-size:18px;"></span><pre name="code" class="cpp">

C++中临时对象的理解：

<span style="font-size:18px;">#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class human
{
public:
	human()
	{
		human_num++; \
			cout << "this is default cosntructer!  " << "human num is " << human_num << endl;
	}
	human(const human &t)
	{
		cout << "this is copy constructer! human num is " << human_num << endl;;
	}
	static int human_num;
	~human()
	{
		human_num--;
		cout << "this is destructer,this = " << this << " ";
		print();
	}
	void print()
	{
		cout << "human num is " << human_num << endl;
	}
};

int human::human_num = 0;

human f1(human x)
{
	x.print();
   human t;
	return t;
}

int main()
{
	human h1;
	h1.print();
	human h2;
	h2 = f1(h1);
	h2.print();

	return 0;
}</span>

上述输出结果为：
this is default cosntructer!  human num is 1（定义h1产生）
human num is 1
this is default cosntructer!  human num is 2（定义h2产生）
this is copy constructer! human num is 2（在f1()函数中，执行了human x = h1语句产生）
human num is 2
this is default cosntructer!  human num is 3（定义局部变量t产生）
this is copy constructer! human num is 3(由于需要返回t，所以这里返回的实际是临时变量，执行human temp = t)
this is destructer,this = 0044FD97 human num is 2(临时变量temp析构)
this is destructer,this = 0044FDB8 human num is 1（局部变量t析构)
this is destructer,this = 0044FDE7 human num is 0(x析构)
human num is 0
this is destructer,this = 0044FEBF human num is -1（h2析构）
this is destructer,this = 0044FECB human num is -2(h1析构)

而对上述main函数做如下修改;

<span style="font-size:18px;">int main()
{
	human h1;
	h1.print();
	human h2 = f1(h1);
	h2.print();

	return 0;
}</span>

得到的结果为：
this is default cosntructer!  human num is 1（定义h1产生）
human num is 1
this is copy constructer! human num is 1（在f1()函数中，执行了human x = h1语句产生）
human num is 1
this is default cosntructer!  human num is 2
this is copy constructer! human num is 2(这里应该只是执行了human h2 = t的语句，而f1并没有将t返回到temp临时对象)
this is destructer,this = 0026FDDB human num is 1（局部变量t析构)
this is destructer,this = 0026FDFC human num is 0（x析构)
human num is 0
this is destructer,this = 0026FEF7 human num is -1（h2析构）
this is destructer,this = 0026FF03 human num is -2(h1析构)


由上可知，在C++中如果返回值是被构造函数调用，则不返回临时变量，如果返回值不是用于构造一个对象，则函数先返回一个
临时变量。上述结果是在vs2013_x64的机子上得到的结果，LZ用Dev-C++得到了不同的结果，在Dev-C++中运行第一个例子，函数f1
中明明有两个临时变量x和t但在函数执行完后只调用了一个析构函数。